Total Commander Shortcuts

Intro

Total Commander is a file manager for Windows, a program like Windows Explorer to copy, move or delete files. However, Total Commander can do much more than Explorer, e.g. pack and unpack files, access ftp servers, compare files by content, etc!
It was known as Windows Commander and in 2002 there was a name change – the new name is “Total Commander”.
See the latest version at https://www.ghisler.com/
Total Commander is very configurable, and you should take advantage of this. Go through the entire Configuration dialog, and set it up the way you like it. If you don’t understand what an option does, consult the manual. This may take you 15 minutes, but the program will work the way you want it afterwards. Some suggestions follow.

GUI vs CommandLine interface

Limiting yourself to classic GUI interface is not wise. Command line interface , especially in mixed form when elements of the GUI can be used to help to form a command and provide feedback is powerful and available tools that should not be abandoned just because it is out of fashion. But the opposite danger also exists. In a way extremes meet: It is equally unwise to completely ignore GUI interface (and mouse as a very useful, excellent tool) like some Unix sysadmin prefer. There are situations when using GUI is much more productive.
And GUI interface itself should never be associated only with classic Windows-style interface. Other forms including hybrid are also possible. In this sense dominance of windows and Microsoft Office shut out all alternatives.
But, nevertheless, they do exist. (Read more at http://www.softpanorama.org/OFM/gui_vs_command_line.shtml)

Efficient Use

When using Total Commander, always remember that the keyboard is quicker than the mouse. At first, you may need to have the function key buttons in view to remember what each key does. Later on, however, you may realize that you don’t need them, and hide them to save screen space.
When moving around the directories, use the arrow keys. You can move left and right as well as up and down. To switch to the “Brief” view, press Ctrl+F1. You may also use the Home/End/PageUp/PageDown navigation keys. The selection of files is done by either holding down shift while moving around, or pressing the spacebar when a cursor is over the file you want to select. When using the spacebar method on directories, the space they occupy will be shown in the status bar. You may also select large groups of files with the right mouse button.
Total Commander also supports browser-like back/forward navigation. The same shortcut keys – Alt+Left for back and Alt+Right for forward – apply here. You can also use the mouse with the toolbar buttons. Backspace will take you one directory level up.
Be sure to make use of the internal zip packer and unpacker. Press Alt+F5 to pack a group of files, and Alt+F9 to unpack them. You may also navigate inside of archives, including nested archives. Just select one and press Enter like always. This also works for other archives, such as RAR, ACE, CAB, and the self-extracting versions of these (Press Ctrl+PageDown to navigate inside of a self-extracting archive.)
If you need to do something via the menus, try to remember the shortcut key next time. If the menu item doesn’t have a shortcut key, you can map one to your liking. Go to the Configuration dialog, and open the Misc tab. On the bottom, you’ll see the Redefine hotkeys area. If you don’t, you’re probably using an older version – the feature was introduced in version 4.02. Remapping the keys may seem a bit awkward at first. You must first choose the key combination by checking the Control, Alt, and/or Shift buttons and choosing the key that goes with them from the selection box. Then, select the command you wish to map the key to. Finally, click the checkbox button to make the key binding take effect.
Selecting files is very easy. Just right-click a file to select it. Right-click again to deselect. You can also drag the right mouse button to select groups of files. Selection with the keyboard is very versatile. Here’s a short list of shortcuts you should be familiar with (I only listed the most useful ones).

Moving Files with Rename

KeystrokeFunction
SpacebarSelect or deselect the file at the cursor.
+/- (number pad)Select/deselect files using a mask you specify.
Ctrl +/-Select/deselect all files.
Alt +/-Select/deselect all files with the same extension.
*Reverse selection.

Defining Colors for Different File Types

You can make file browsing a lot easier by using the Define colors by file type option. This is very useful if you often work with a particular kind of file. To use this feature, go to the Options dialog (Configuration | Options) and then switch to the Color tab. Click the Define colors by file type button; You’ll have to check the checkbox next to it if it isn’t already checked. Besides defining colors by a file’s name, you can also define colors by the file’s attributes, size, or other options. For example, you could define the colors so that files larger than a certain size are easily visible, or so that executable files are a different color. It’s a good idea to make directories a different color, especially if you aren’t using symbols (icons) so that they stand out in a directory listing. The possibilities are endless!

Using the Multi-Rename Tool

Learn how to use the Multi-Rename Tool, a new feature in Total Commander 4.50 and above. It can be very useful if you need to rename a large amount of files using the same rule. Select all the files you want to rename, and then press Ctrl+M. If you need help, press F1 for detailed documentation.

Copying a File’s Name

To quickly copy a file’s name, press Shift+F6 and then Ctrl+C or Shift+Ins to copy its name. Press Escape to cancel the rename process.

Displaying All Files in a Directory Tree

Total Commander 4.52 also includes a great command to view all files in a subdirectory. This is useful in many different situations, such as renaming a group of files that are distributed among a tree of directories. To use this feature, just press Ctrl+B. If you don’t have version 4.52, you can duplicate this feature with the following steps:

  1. Open the Find Files dialog by pressing Alt+F7.
  2. Leave the Search for field blank, and press the Start search button (or just press Enter).
  3. Press Feed to listbox (Alt+L).

This feature can also be used in conjunction with the Multi-Rename Tool. Be careful when using it, though, as it can take a very long time to list all of the files in a big tree, such as the root directory of a drive.

Shortcuts

Generic

F1Help
F2Reread source window
F3List files
F4Edit files
F5Copy files
F6Rename or move files
F7Create directory
F8Delete files to recycle bin /delete directly – according to configuration (or Delete)
F9Activate menu above source window (left or right)
F10Activate left menu or deactivate menu
Alt+F1change left drive
Alt+F2change right drive
Alt+F3Use alternate (external or internal) viewer
Alt+Shift+F3Start Lister and load file with internal viewer (no plugins or multimedia)
Alt+F4Exit | Minimize (with option MinimizeOnClose in wincmd.ini)
Alt+F5Pack files
Alt+Shift+F5Move to archive
Alt+F6Unpack specified files from archive under cursor, or selected archives (use Alt+F9 on Windows 95)
Alt+F7Find
Alt+F8Opens the history list of the command line
Alt+F9Same as ALT+F6 (because ALT+F6 is broken on Windows 95)
Alt+Shift+F9Test archives
Alt+F10Opens a dialog box with the current directory tree
Alt+F11Opens left current directory bar (breadcrumb bar)
Alt+F12Opens right current directory bar (breadcrumb bar)
Alt+Shift+F11Focus the button bar to use it with the keyboard
Shift+F1Custom columns view menu
Shift+F2Compare file lists
Shift+F3List only file under cursor, when multiple files selected
Shift+F4Create new text file and load into editor
Shift+F5Copy files (with rename) in the same directory
Shift+Ctrl+F5Create shortcuts of the selected files
Shift+F6Rename files in the same directory
Shift+F8/DeleteDelete directly / delete to recycle bin – according to configuration
Shift+F10Show context menu
Shift+EscMinimizes Total Commander to an icon
Alt+Arrow left / Arrow rightGo to previous/next dir of already visited dirs
Alt+Arrow downOpen history list of already visited dirs (like the history list in a WWW browser)
Num +Expand selection (configurable: just files or files and folders)
Num –Shrink selection
Num *Invert selection (also with shift, see link)
Num /Restore selection
Shift+Num+[+]Like Num +, but files and folders if Num + selects just files (and vice versa)
Shift+Num+-Always removes the selection just from files (Num – from files and folders)
Shift+Num+*Like Num *, but files and folders if Num * inverts selection of just files (and vice versa)
Ctrl+Num +Select all (configurable: just files or files and folders)
Ctrl+Shift+Num +Select all (files and folders if CTRL+Num + selects only files)
Ctrl+Num –Deselect all (always files and folders)
Ctrl+Shift+Num –Deselect all (always files, no folders)
Alt+Num +Select all files with the same extension
Alt+Num –Remove selection from files with the same extension
Ctrl+Page upChange to parent directory (cd ..) , or Backspace
Ctrl+<Jump to the root directory (most European keyboards)
Ctrl+\Jump to the root directory (US keyboard)
Ctrl+Page downOpen directory/archive (also self extracting .EXE archives)
Ctrl+Arrow left / Arrow rightOpen directory/archive and display it in the target window. If the cursor is not on a directory name, or the other panel is active, then the current directory is displayed instead.
Ctrl+F1File display ‘brief’ (only file names)
Ctrl+Shift+F1Thumbnails view (preview pictures)
Ctrl+F2File display ‘full’ (all file details)
Ctrl+Shift+F2Comments view (new comments are created with Ctrl+Z)
Ctrl+F3Sort by name
Ctrl+F4Sort by extension
Ctrl+F5Sort by date/time
Ctrl+F6Sort by size
Ctrl+F7Unsorted
Ctrl+F8Display directory tree
Ctrl+Shift+F8Cycle through separate directory tree states: one tree, two trees, off
Ctrl+F9Print file under cursor using the associated program
Ctrl+F10Show all files
Ctrl+F11Show only programs
Ctrl+F12Show user defined files
TabSwitch between left and right file list
Shift+TabSwitch between current file list and separate tree (if enabled)
InsertSelect file or directory.
SpaceSelect file or directory (as INSERT). If SPACE is used on an unselected directory under the cursor, the contents in this directory are counted and the size is shown in the “full” view instead of the string . This can be disabled through ‘Configuration’ – ‘Options’ – ‘Operation’ – ‘Selection with Space’.
EnterChange directory / run program / run associated program / execute command line if not empty. If the source directory shows the contents of an archive, further information on the packed file is given.
Shift+Enter1. Runs command line / program under cursor with preceding command /c and leave the program’s window open. Only works if NOCLOSE.PIF is in your Windows directory! 2. With ZIP files: use alternative choice of these (as chosen in Packer config): (Treat archives like directories <-> call associated program, i.e. winzip or quinzip) 3. In the list of last used dirs (History, Ctrl+D), open the directory on a new Tab.
Alt+Shift+EnterThe contents of all directories in the current directory are counted. The sizes of the directories are then shown in the “full” view instead of the string . Abort by holding down ESC key.
Alt+EnterShow property sheet.
Ctrl+aSelect all
Ctrl+bDirectory branch: Show contents of current dir and all subdirs in one list
Ctrl+Shift+bSelected directory branch: Show selected files, and all in selected subdirs
Ctrl+cCopy files to clipboard
Ctrl+xCut files to clipboard
Ctrl+vPaste from clipboard to current dir.
Ctrl+dOpen directory hotlist (‘bookmarks’)
Ctrl+fConnect to FTP server
Ctrl+Shift+fDisconnect from FTP server
Ctrl+iSwitch to target directory
Ctrl+lCalculate occupied space (of the selected files)
Ctrl+mMulti-Rename-Tool
Ctrl+Shift+mChange FTP transfer mode
Ctrl+nNew FTP connection (enter URL or host address)
Ctrl+pCopy current path to command line
Ctrl+qQuick view panel instead of file window
Ctrl+rReread source directory
Ctrl+sOpen Quick Filter dialog and activate filter (deactivate with ESC or CTRL+F10)
Ctrl+Shift+sOpen Quick Filter dialog and reactivate last-used filter
Ctrl+tOpen new folder tab and activate it
Ctrl+Shift+tOpen new folder tab, but do not activate it
Ctrl+uExchange directories
Ctrl+Shift+uExchange directories and tabs
Ctrl+wClose currently active tab
Ctrl+Shift+wClose all open tabs
Ctrl+zEdit file comment
Ctrl+Arrow upOpen dir under cursor in new tab
Ctrl+Shift+Arrow UpOpen dir under cursor in other window (new tab)
Ctrl+Tab/Ctrl+Shift+TabJump to next tab / jump to previous tab
Ctrl+Alt+LetterQuick search for a file name (starting with specified letters) in the current directory (Support hotkeys Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V and Ctrl+A; use Ctrl+S for search filter on/off)

FTP

Ctrl+FConnect to FTP Server
Ctrl+SHIFT+FDisconnect current FTP connection
Ctrl+NNew FTP connection

Selections

Insert­/SpaceSelect current file/f­older
Num *Invert selection
Num /Restore selection
Ctrl+ASelect all
Ctrl+lCalculate occupied space of selecte files
Ctrl+Num –Deselect all
Alt+Num+Select all files with extension
Alt+Num-Deselect all files with extension

Moving around

Alt+F1Change left drive
Alt+F2Change right drive
Alt+Arrow DownOpen list of visited direct­ories
Alt+Arrow LeftJump to previous directory
Alt+Arrow RightJump to next directory
Ctrl+<Jump to root directory
BackspaceChange to parent directory
TabSwitch between left and right file list

Navigation

Alt+F1Change left drive
Alt+F2Change right drive
Alt+Arrow DownOpen list of visited direct­ories
Alt+Arrow LeftJump to previous directory
Alt+Arrow RightJump to next directory
Ctrl+<Jump to root directory
BackspaceChange to parent directory
TabSwitch between left and right file list

View

Ctrl+uSwap left & right view
F2/Ctrl+rRefresh current directory
Ctrl+bShow contents of current dir and all subdirs in one list
Ctrl+S­hift+BSelected directory branch
Alt+EnterShow file properties window
F1Help
Ctrl+lCalculate occupied space (of selecte files)

File manipu­lation

F3List file contents
Shift+F3List file under cursor with multiple files selected
F4Edit files
Shift+F4Create new text file and load in editor
F5/Ctrl+cCopy file
Shift+F5Copy files (with rename) in same directory
F6Rename or move files
Shift+F6Rename files in same directory
F7Create directory
F8/DeleteDelete files
Ctrl+vPaste file in current directory
Ctrl+xCut file
Ctrl+mMulti-­rename tool

Archiving

Alt+F5Pack files
Alt+Sh­ift+F5Move to archive
Alt+F6Unpack from archive under cursor
Alt+Sh­ift+F9Test archives

File sorting

Ctrl+F3Sort by name
Ctrl+F4Sort by extension
Ctrl+F5Sort by date/time
Ctrl+F6Sort by size
Ctrl+F7Unsorted

Searching

Ctrl+sQuick search
Alt+F7Find

Command Line with TC

%comspec%            Envoke CMD (ancient times)
CMD                         Envoke CMD
CMD /C                    Carries out the command specified by string and then terminates
CMD /K                    Carries out the command specified by string but remains
(For more complete CMD with switches see relevant CMD cheatsheet)

Other

Ctrl+Shift+w                              Close all open tabs
Ctrl+z                                          Edit file comment
Ctrl+Arrow up                           Open dir under cursor in new tab
Ctrl+Shift+Arrow                     Up Open dir under cursor in other window (new tab)
Ctrl+Tab/Ctrl+Shift+Tab        Jump to next tab / jump to previous tab
Ctrl+Alt+Letter                          Quick search for a file name (starting with specified letters) in the current directory
                                                       (Support hotkeys Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V and Ctrl+A; use Ctrl+S for search filter on/off)
Ctrl+ArrowLeft/Right Duplicate current path of the panel in the other panel

Button Bar Parameters

Total Commander Button Bar Parameters

?As the first parameter causes a Dialog box to be displayed before starting the program, containing the following parame­ters. You can change the parameters before starting the program. You can even prevent the program’s execution.
%PCauses the source path to be inserted into the command line, including a backslash (\) at the end.
%NPlaces the filename under the cursor into the command line.
%TInserts the current target path. Especially useful for packers.
%MPlaces the current filename in the target directory into the command line.
%OPlaces the current filename without extension into the command line.
%EPlaces the current extension (without leading period) into the command line. Note: %N and %M insert the long name, while %n and %m insert the DOS alias name (8.3). %P and %T insert the long path name, and %p and %t the short path name. (Same for %o and %e)
%%Inserts the percent sign.
%LLong file names including the complete path, e.g. c:\Program Files\Long name.exe
%l (lowercase L)Short file names including the complete path, e.g. C:\PRO­GRA­~1­\LON­GNA­~1.EXE
%FLong file names without path, e.g. Long name.exe
%fShort file names without path, e.g. LONGNA­~1.EXE
%DShort file names including the complete path, but using the DOS character set for accents.
%dShort file names without path, but using the DOS character set for accents.

How-to use button bar parameters

Step 1.Create a new button on the button bar
Step 2.Using the menu, insert the path to the ImgBurn executable
Step 3.Insert the string below as the value in the Parameters box:
This will feed a file to the standard build menu?/MODE BUILD /BUILD­INP­UTMODE STANDARD /BUILD­OUT­PUTMODE DEVICE /SRCLIST “­%P%­N” /FILES­YSTEM “­UDF­” /UDFRE­VISION “­1.0­2” /NOIMA­GED­ETAILS /ROOTF­OLDER YES /NOSAV­ESE­TTINGS /VERIFY /VOLUM­ELABEL “­%O”
 
You can use the cheats above to figure out what is going on in this string.
Step 4.Choose the icon for the button and press ok.

Total Commander Links

The Total Commander Sitehttp:/­/ww­w.g­his­ler.com/
TC wikihttps://www.ghisler.ch/wiki
An unofficial database of pluginswww.to­tal­cmd.net
Source of this cheatsheethttp:/­/ww­w.g­his­ler.ch­/wi­ki/­ind­ex.p­hp­/Bu­tto­nba­r#S­pec­ial­_pa­ram­eters:
TC forumhttps://www.ghisler.ch/board/

Overview

Like any powerful tool, Total Commander won’t work the way you want it right away. Until you use it a little and learn how it works, it may even seem a bit uncomfortable. But don’t be discouraged, as the payoff is too great to ignore. You’ll do all your file management a lot faster. An experienced person using Total Commander may seem like a magician to observers.

VI Editor Cheatsheet

Intro

The default editor that comes with the UNIX operating system is called vi (visual editor). [Alternate editors for UNIX environments include vim, nano, pico and emacs, a product of GNU.] The UNIX vi editor is a full screen editor and has two modes of operation:

  1. Command mode commands which cause action to be taken on the file, and
  2. Insert mode in which entered text is inserted into the file.

In the command mode, every character typed is a command that does something to the text file being edited; a character typed in the command mode may even cause the vi editor to enter the insert mode. In the insert mode, every character typed is added to the text in the file; pressing the <Esc> (Escape) key turns off the Insert mode.

  • The vi editor opens in this mode, and it only understands commands
  • In this mode, you can, move the cursor and cut, copy, paste the text
  • This mode also saves the changes you have made to the file
  • Commands are case sensitive. You should use the right letter case.

    While there are a number of vi commands, just a handful of these is usually sufficient for beginning vi users. To assist such users, here’s a list that contains a sampling of basic vi commands. The most basic and useful commands are marked with an asterisk (* or star) in the tables below. With practice, these commands should become automatic.

To Start vi

To use vi on a file, type in vi filename. If the file named filename exists, then the first page (or screen) of the file will be displayed; if the file does not exist, then an empty file and screen are created into which you may enter text.
* vi filename edit filename starting at line 1
vi -r filename recover filename that was being edited when system crashed

To Exit vi

Usually the new or modified file is saved when you leave vi. However, it is also possible to quit vi without saving the file.
Note: The cursor moves to bottom of screen whenever a colon (:) is typed. This type of command is completed by hitting the <Return> (or <Enter>) key.
* 😡<Return> quit vi, writing out modified file to file named in original invocation
:wq<Return> quit vi, writing out modified file to file named in original invocation
:q<Return> quit (or exit) vi
* :q!<Return> quit vi even though latest changes have not been saved for this vi call

Moving the Cursor

Unlike many of the PC and MacIntosh editors, the mouse does not move the cursor within the vi editor screen (or window). You must use the the key commands listed below. On some UNIX platforms, the arrow keys may be used as well; however, since vi was designed with the Qwerty keyboard (containing no arrow keys) in mind, the arrow keys sometimes produce strange effects in vi and should be avoided.
If you go back and forth between a PC environment and a UNIX environment, you may find that this dissimilarity in methods for cursor movement is the most frustrating difference between the two.
In the table below, the symbol ^ before a letter means that the <Ctrl> key should be held down while the letter key is pressed.
* j or <Return>
[or down-arrow]
move cursor down one line
* k [or up-arrow] move cursor up one line
* h or <Backspace>
[or left-arrow]
move cursor left one character
* l or <Space>
[or right-arrow]
move cursor right one character
* 0 (zero) move cursor to start of current line (the one with the cursor)
* $ move cursor to end of current line
w move cursor to beginning of next word
b move cursor back to beginning of preceding word
:0<Return> or 1G move cursor to first line in file
:n<Return> or nG move cursor to line n
:$<Return> or G move cursor to last line in file

Screen Manipulation

The following commands allow the vi editor screen (or window) to move up or down several lines and to be refreshed.
^f move forward one screen
^b move backward one screen
^d move down (forward) one half screen
^u move up (back) one half screen
^l redraws the screen
^r redraws the screen, removing deleted lines

Adding, Changing, and Deleting Text

Unlike PC editors, you cannot replace or delete text by highlighting it with the mouse. Instead use the commands in the following tables.
Perhaps the most important command is the one that allows you to back up and undo your last action. Unfortunately, this command acts like a toggle, undoing and redoing your most recent action. You cannot go back more than one step.
* u UNDO WHATEVER YOU JUST DID; a simple toggle
The main purpose of an editor is to create, add, or modify text for a file.

Inserting or Adding Text

The following commands allow you to insert and add text. Each of these commands puts the vi editor into insert mode; thus, the <Esc> key must be pressed to terminate the entry of text and to put the vi editor back into command mode.
* i insert text before cursor, until <Esc> hit
I insert text at beginning of current line, until <Esc> hit
* a append text after cursor, until <Esc> hit
A append text to end of current line, until <Esc> hit
* o open and put text in a new line below current line, until <Esc> hit
* O open and put text in a new line above current line, until <Esc> hit

Changing Text

The following commands allow you to modify text.
* r replace single character under cursor (no <Esc> needed)
R replace characters, starting with current cursor position, until <Esc> hit
cw change the current word with new text,
starting with the character under cursor, until <Esc> hit
cNw change N words beginning with character under cursor, until <Esc> hit;
e.g., c5w changes 5 words
C change (replace) the characters in the current line, until <Esc> hit
cc change (replace) the entire current line, stopping when <Esc> is hit
Ncc or cNc change (replace) the next N lines, starting with the current line,
stopping when <Esc> is hit

Deleting Text

The following commands allow you to delete text.
* x delete single character under cursor
Nx delete N characters, starting with character under cursor
dw
4dd
delete the single word beginning with character under cursor
Delete 4 words
dNw delete N words beginning with character under cursor;
e.g., d5w deletes 5 words
D delete the remainder of the line, starting with current cursor position
* dd
3dd
delete entire current line
Delete 3 lines
Ndd or dNd delete N lines, beginning with the current line;
e.g., 5dd deletes 5 lines

Cutting and Pasting Text

The following commands allow you to copy and paste text.
yy copy (yank, cut) the current line into the buffer
Nyy or yNy copy (yank, cut) the next N lines, including the current line, into the buffer
p put (paste) the line(s) in the buffer into the text after the current line

Searching Text

A common occurrence in text editing is to replace one word or phase by another. To locate instances of particular sets of characters (or strings), use the following commands.
/string search forward for occurrence of string in text
?string search backward for occurrence of string in text
n move to next occurrence of search string
N move to next occurrence of search string in opposite direction

Determining Line Numbers

Being able to determine the line number of the current line or the total number of lines in the file being edited is sometimes useful.
:.= returns line number of current line at bottom of screen
:= returns the total number of lines at bottom of screen
^g provides the current line number, along with the total number of lines,
in the file at the bottom of the screen

Saving and Reading Files

These commands permit you to input and output files other than the named file with which you are currently working.

:r filename<Return> read file named filename and insert after current line
(the line with cursor)
:w<Return> write current contents to file named in original vi call
:w newfile<Return> write current contents to a new file named newfile
:12,35w smallfile<Return> write the contents of the lines numbered 12 through 35 to a new file named smallfile
:w! prevfile<Return> write current contents over a pre-existing file named prevfile

VI CHEATSHEET

Quitting

: x Exit, saving changes
:q Exit as long as there have been no changes
ZZ Exit and save changes if any have been made
:q! Exit and ignore any changes

Inserting Text

i Insert before cursor
I Insert before line
a Append after cursor
A Append after line
o Open a new line after current line
O Open a new line before current line
r Replace one character
R Replace many characters

Motion

h Move left
j Move down
k Move up
l Move right
w Move to next word
W Move to next blank delimited word
b Move to the beginning of the word
B Move to the beginning of blank delimted word
e Move to the end of the word
E Move to the end of Blank delimited word
( Move a sentence back
) Move a sentence forward
{ Move a paragraph back
} Move a paragraph forward
0 Move to the begining of the line
$ Move to the end of the line
1G Move to the first line of the file
G Move to the last line of the file
nG Move to nth line of the file
:n Move to nth line of the file
fc Move forward to c
Fc Move back to c
H Move to top of screen
M Move to middle of screen
L Move to botton of screen
% Move to associated ( ), { }, [ ]
:0 Move to the beginning of the file
:$ Move to the end of the file
[ctrl] + d go down half a screen
[ctrl] + u go up half a screen
[ctrl] + f go forward a screen
[ctrl] + b go back a screen

Deleting Text

x Delete character to the right of cursor
X Delete character to the left of cursor
D Delete to the end of the line
dd Delete current line
:d Delete current line
Yanking Text
yy Yank the current line
:y Yank the current line

Changing text

C Change to the end of the line
cc Change the whole line
guu lowercase line
gUU uppercase line
~ Toggle upp and lower case

Putting text

p Put after the position or after the line
P Put before the poition or before the line

Markers

mc Set marker c on this line
`c Go to beginning of marker c line.
‘c Go to first non-blank character of marker c line.

Search for strings

/string Search forward for string
?string Search back for string
n Search for next instance of string
N Search for previous instance of string

Replace

:s/pat­ter­n/s­tri­ng/­flags Replace pattern with string according to flags.
g Flag – Replace all occurences of pattern
c Flag – Confirm replaces.

Modes

Vi has two modes insertion mode and command mode. The editor begins in command mode, where the cursor movement and text deletion and pasting occur. Insertion mode begins upon entering an insertion or change command. [ESC] returns the editor to command mode (where you can quit, for example by typing :q!). Most commands execute as soon as you type them except for “­col­on” commands which execute when you press the ruturn key.

Keyboard – ASCII and UTF

Info

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It’s a 7-bit character code where every single bit represents a unique character. On this webpage you will find 8 bits, 256 characters, according to ISO 8859-1 and Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 increased characters, which is available in certain programs such as Microsoft Word.

How to keyboard imput using ALT+0000

How to generate each character with keyboard. Alt codes work on computers running any of Microsoft’s Windows operating systems.

  1. Find the Alt Code you need from the alt code tables below.
  2. Make sure that “Number Lock” is switched on. There should be a light on your keyboard indicating this. (If not, press the “Number Lock” key at the top left of the numeric keypad.)
  3. Hold down the “Alt” key to the left of the space bar and key the code on the numeric keypad.
  4. Don’t release the “Alt” key until after you’ve typed the alt code. When you release it you should see the special character you include.

Instructions for entering Alt Codes on a lap topEven if you have a laptop or a keyboard with no numeric keypad – you can still use alt codes.

  1. Look for a “function” or “fn” key normally near the bottom left of the keyboard.
  2. Look for a button with “num lock” written in the same colour which is usually near the top right of the keyboard.
  3. While holding “function” press and relase “num lock“.
  4. Enter alt codes using the method above but to enter the actual numeric alt code use the keys with numbers in the same colour as the function (fn) key. Normally “U” has 4 on it for example.
  5. Switch “num lock” off in the same way as you switched it on to continue using your keyboard normally.

ASCII codes

ASCII control characters (character code 0-31)

The first 32 characters in the ASCII-table are unprintable control codes and are used to control peripherals such as printers.

DEC OCT HEX BIN Symbol HTML Number HTML Name Description
0 000 00 00000000 NUL &#000;   Null char
1 001 01 00000001 SOH &#001;   Start of Heading
2 002 02 00000010 STX &#002;   Start of Text
3 003 03 00000011 ETX &#003;   End of Text
4 004 04 00000100 EOT &#004;   End of Transmission
5 005 05 00000101 ENQ &#005;   Enquiry
6 006 06 00000110 ACK &#006;   Acknowledgment
7 007 07 00000111 BEL &#007;   Bell
8 010 08 00001000 BS &#008;   Back Space
9 011 09 00001001 HT &#009;   Horizontal Tab
10 012 0A 00001010 LF &#010;   Line Feed
11 013 0B 00001011 VT &#011;   Vertical Tab
12 014 0C 00001100 FF &#012;   Form Feed
13 015 0D 00001101 CR &#013;   Carriage Return
14 016 0E 00001110 SO &#014;   Shift Out / X-On
15 017 0F 00001111 SI &#015;   Shift In / X-Off
16 020 10 00010000 DLE &#016;   Data Line Escape
17 021 11 00010001 DC1 &#017;   Device Control 1 (oft. XON)
18 022 12 00010010 DC2 &#018;   Device Control 2
19 023 13 00010011 DC3 &#019;   Device Control 3 (oft. XOFF)
20 024 14 00010100 DC4 &#020;   Device Control 4
21 025 15 00010101 NAK &#021;   Negative Acknowledgement
22 026 16 00010110 SYN &#022;   Synchronous Idle
23 027 17 00010111 ETB &#023;   End of Transmit Block
24 030 18 00011000 CAN &#024;   Cancel
25 031 19 00011001 EM &#025;   End of Medium
26 032 1A 00011010 SUB &#026;   Substitute
27 033 1B 00011011 ESC &#027;   Escape
28 034 1C 00011100 FS &#028;   File Separator
29 035 1D 00011101 GS &#029;   Group Separator
30 036 1E 00011110 RS &#030;   Record Separator
31 037 1F 00011111 US &#031;   Unit Separator

ASCII printable characters (character code 32-127)

Codes 32-127 are common for all the different variations of the ASCII table, they are called printable characters, represent letters, digits, punctuation marks, and a few miscellaneous symbols. You will find almost every character on your keyboard. Character 127 represents the command DEL.

DEC OCT HEX BIN Symbol HTML Number ( or ALT+) HTML Name Description
32 040 20 00100000   &#32;   Space
33 041 21 00100001 ! &#33;   Exclamation mark
34 042 22 00100010 &#34; &quot; Double quotes (or speech marks)
35 043 23 00100011 # &#35;   Number
36 044 24 00100100 $ &#36;   Dollar
37 045 25 00100101 % &#37;   Percentsign
38 046 26 00100110 & &#38; &amp; Ampersand
39 047 27 00100111 &#39;   Single quote
40 050 28 00101000 ( &#40;   Open parenthesis (or open bracket)
41 051 29 00101001 ) &#41;   Close parenthesis (or close bracket)
42 052 2A 00101010 * &#42;   Asterisk
43 053 2B 00101011 + &#43;   Plus
44 054 2C 00101100 , &#44;   Comma
45 055 2D 00101101 &#45;   Hyphen
46 056 2E 00101110 . &#46;   Period, dot or full stop
47 057 2F 00101111 / &#47;   Slash or divide
48 060 30 00110000 0 &#48;   Zero
49 061 31 00110001 1 &#49;   One
50 062 32 00110010 2 &#50;   Two
51 063 33 00110011 3 &#51;   Three
52 064 34 00110100 4 &#52;   Four
53 065 35 00110101 5 &#53;   Five
54 066 36 00110110 6 &#54;   Six
55 067 37 00110111 7 &#55;   Seven
56 070 38 00111000 8 &#56;   Eight
57 071 39 00111001 9 &#57;   Nine
58 072 3A 00111010 : &#58;   Colon
59 073 3B 00111011 ; &#59;   Semicolon
60 074 3C 00111100 < &#60; &lt; Less than (or open angled bracket)
61 075 3D 00111101 = &#61;   Equals
62 076 3E 00111110 > &#62; &gt; Greater than (or close angled bracket)
63 077 3F 00111111 ? &#63;   Question mark
64 100 40 01000000 @ &#64;   At symbol
65 101 41 01000001 A &#65;   Uppercase A
66 102 42 01000010 B &#66;   Uppercase B
67 103 43 01000011 C &#67;   Uppercase C
68 104 44 01000100 D &#68;   Uppercase D
69 105 45 01000101 E &#69;   Uppercase E
70 106 46 01000110 F &#70;   Uppercase F
71 107 47 01000111 G &#71;   Uppercase G
72 110 48 01001000 H &#72;   Uppercase H
73 111 49 01001001 I &#73;   Uppercase I
74 112 4A 01001010 J &#74;   Uppercase J
75 113 4B 01001011 K &#75;   Uppercase K
76 114 4C 01001100 L &#76;   Uppercase L
77 115 4D 01001101 M &#77;   Uppercase M
78 116 4E 01001110 N &#78;   Uppercase N
79 117 4F 01001111 O &#79;   Uppercase O
80 120 50 01010000 P &#80;   Uppercase P
81 121 51 01010001 Q &#81;   Uppercase Q
82 122 52 01010010 R &#82;   Uppercase R
83 123 53 01010011 S &#83;   Uppercase S
84 124 54 01010100 T &#84;   Uppercase T
85 125 55 01010101 U &#85;   Uppercase U
86 126 56 01010110 V &#86;   Uppercase V
87 127 57 01010111 W &#87;   Uppercase W
88 130 58 01011000 X &#88;   Uppercase X
89 131 59 01011001 Y &#89;   Uppercase Y
90 132 5A 01011010 Z &#90;   Uppercase Z
91 133 5B 01011011 [ &#91;   Opening bracket
92 134 5C 01011100 \ &#92;   Backslash
93 135 5D 01011101 ] &#93;   Closing bracket
94 136 5E 01011110 ^ &#94;   Caret – circumflex
95 137 5F 01011111 _ &#95;   Underscore
96 140 60 01100000 ` &#96;   Grave accent
97 141 61 01100001 a &#97;   Lowercase a
98 142 62 01100010 b &#98;   Lowercase b
99 143 63 01100011 c &#99;   Lowercase c
100 144 64 01100100 d &#100;   Lowercase d
101 145 65 01100101 e &#101;   Lowercase e
102 146 66 01100110 f &#102;   Lowercase f
103 147 67 01100111 g &#103;   Lowercase g
104 150 68 01101000 h &#104;   Lowercase h
105 151 69 01101001 i &#105;   Lowercase i
106 152 6A 01101010 j &#106;   Lowercase j
107 153 6B 01101011 k &#107;   Lowercase k
108 154 6C 01101100 l &#108;   Lowercase l
109 155 6D 01101101 m &#109;   Lowercase m
110 156 6E 01101110 n &#110;   Lowercase n
111 157 6F 01101111 o &#111;   Lowercase o
112 160 70 01110000 p &#112;   Lowercase p
113 161 71 01110001 q &#113;   Lowercase q
114 162 72 01110010 r &#114;   Lowercase r
115 163 73 01110011 s &#115;   Lowercase s
116 164 74 01110100 t &#116;   Lowercase t
117 165 75 01110101 u &#117;   Lowercase u
118 166 76 01110110 v &#118;   Lowercase v
119 167 77 01110111 w &#119;   Lowercase w
120 170 78 01111000 x &#120;   Lowercase x
121 171 79 01111001 y &#121;   Lowercase y
122 172 7A 01111010 z &#122;   Lowercase z
123 173 7B 01111011 { &#123;   Opening brace
124 174 7C 01111100 | &#124;   Vertical bar
125 175 7D 01111101 } &#125;   Closing brace
126 176 7E 01111110 ~ &#126;   Equivalency sign – tilde
127 177 7F 01111111   &#127;   Delete

The extended ASCII codes (character code 128-255)

There are several different variations of the 8-bit ASCII table. The table below is according to ISO 8859-1, also called ISO Latin-1. Codes 128-159 contain the Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 extended characters.

DEC OCT HEX BIN Symbol HTML Number HTML Name Description
128 200 80 10000000 &#128; &euro; Euro sign
129 201 81 10000001        
130 202 82 10000010 &#130; &sbquo; Single low-9 quotation mark
131 203 83 10000011 ƒ &#131; &fnof; Latin small letter f with hook
132 204 84 10000100 &#132; &bdquo; Double low-9 quotation mark
133 205 85 10000101 &#133; &hellip; Horizontal ellipsis
134 206 86 10000110 &#134; &dagger; Dagger
135 207 87 10000111 &#135; &Dagger; Double dagger
136 210 88 10001000 ˆ &#136; &circ; Modifier letter circumflex accent
137 211 89 10001001 &#137; &permil; Per mille sign
138 212 8A 10001010 Š &#138; &Scaron; Latin capital letter S with caron
139 213 8B 10001011 &#139; &lsaquo; Single left-pointing angle quotation
140 214 8C 10001100 Π&#140; &OElig; Latin capital ligature OE
141 215 8D 10001101        
142 216 8E 10001110 Ž &#142;   Latin captial letter Z with caron
143 217 8F 10001111        
144 220 90 10010000        
145 221 91 10010001 &#145; &lsquo; Left single quotation mark
146 222 92 10010010 &#146; &rsquo; Right single quotation mark
147 223 93 10010011 &#147; &ldquo; Left double quotation mark
148 224 94 10010100 &#148; &rdquo; Right double quotation mark
149 225 95 10010101 &#149; &bull; Bullet
150 226 96 10010110 &#150; &ndash; En dash
151 227 97 10010111 &#151; &mdash; Em dash
152 230 98 10011000 ˜ &#152; &tilde; Small tilde
153 231 99 10011001 &#153; &trade; Trade mark sign
154 232 9A 10011010 š &#154; &scaron; Latin small letter S with caron
155 233 9B 10011011 &#155; &rsaquo; Single right-pointing angle quotation mark
156 234 9C 10011100 œ &#156; &oelig; Latin small ligature oe
157 235 9D 10011101        
158 236 9E 10011110 ž &#158;   Latin small letter z with caron
159 237 9F 10011111 Ÿ &#159; &Yuml; Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis
160 240 A0 10100000   &#160; &nbsp; Non-breaking space
161 241 A1 10100001 ¡ &#161; &iexcl; Inverted exclamation mark
162 242 A2 10100010 ¢ &#162; &cent; Cent sign
163 243 A3 10100011 £ &#163; &pound; Pound sign
164 244 A4 10100100 ¤ &#164; &curren; Currency sign
165 245 A5 10100101 ¥ &#165; &yen; Yen sign
166 246 A6 10100110 ¦ &#166; &brvbar; Pipe, Broken vertical bar
167 247 A7 10100111 § &#167; &sect; Section sign
168 250 A8 10101000 ¨ &#168; &uml; Spacing diaeresis – umlaut
169 251 A9 10101001 © &#169; &copy; Copyright sign
170 252 AA 10101010 ª &#170; &ordf; Feminine ordinal indicator
171 253 AB 10101011 « &#171; &laquo; Left double angle quotes
172 254 AC 10101100 ¬ &#172; &not; Not sign
173 255 AD 10101101   &#173; &shy; Soft hyphen
174 256 AE 10101110 ® &#174; &reg; Registered trade mark sign
175 257 AF 10101111 ¯ &#175; &macr; Spacing macron – overline
176 260 B0 10110000 ° &#176; &deg; Degree sign
177 261 B1 10110001 ± &#177; &plusmn; Plus-or-minus sign
178 262 B2 10110010 ² &#178; &sup2; Superscript two – squared
179 263 B3 10110011 ³ &#179; &sup3; Superscript three – cubed
180 264 B4 10110100 ´ &#180; &acute; Acute accent – spacing acute
181 265 B5 10110101 µ &#181; &micro; Micro sign
182 266 B6 10110110 &#182; &para; Pilcrow sign – paragraph sign
183 267 B7 10110111 · &#183; &middot; Middle dot – Georgian comma
184 270 B8 10111000 ¸ &#184; &cedil; Spacing cedilla
185 271 B9 10111001 ¹ &#185; &sup1; Superscript one
186 272 BA 10111010 º &#186; &ordm; Masculine ordinal indicator
187 273 BB 10111011 » &#187; &raquo; Right double angle quotes
188 274 BC 10111100 ¼ &#188; &frac14; Fraction one quarter
189 275 BD 10111101 ½ &#189; &frac12; Fraction one half
190 276 BE 10111110 ¾ &#190; &frac34; Fraction three quarters
191 277 BF 10111111 ¿ &#191; &iquest; Inverted question mark
192 300 C0 11000000 À &#192; &Agrave; Latin capital letter A with grave
193 301 C1 11000001 Á &#193; &Aacute; Latin capital letter A with acute
194 302 C2 11000010 Â &#194; &Acirc; Latin capital letter A with circumflex
195 303 C3 11000011 Ã &#195; &Atilde; Latin capital letter A with tilde
196 304 C4 11000100 Ä &#196; &Auml; Latin capital letter A with diaeresis
197 305 C5 11000101 Å &#197; &Aring; Latin capital letter A with ring above
198 306 C6 11000110 Æ &#198; &AElig; Latin capital letter AE
199 307 C7 11000111 Ç &#199; &Ccedil; Latin capital letter C with cedilla
200 310 C8 11001000 È &#200; &Egrave; Latin capital letter E with grave
201 311 C9 11001001 É &#201; &Eacute; Latin capital letter E with acute
202 312 CA 11001010 Ê &#202; &Ecirc; Latin capital letter E with circumflex
203 313 CB 11001011 Ë &#203; &Euml; Latin capital letter E with diaeresis
204 314 CC 11001100 Ì &#204; &Igrave; Latin capital letter I with grave
205 315 CD 11001101 Í &#205; &Iacute; Latin capital letter I with acute
206 316 CE 11001110 Î &#206; &Icirc; Latin capital letter I with circumflex
207 317 CF 11001111 Ï &#207; &Iuml; Latin capital letter I with diaeresis
208 320 D0 11010000 Ð &#208; &ETH; Latin capital letter ETH
209 321 D1 11010001 Ñ &#209; &Ntilde; Latin capital letter N with tilde
210 322 D2 11010010 Ò &#210; &Ograve; Latin capital letter O with grave
211 323 D3 11010011 Ó &#211; &Oacute; Latin capital letter O with acute
212 324 D4 11010100 Ô &#212; &Ocirc; Latin capital letter O with circumflex
213 325 D5 11010101 Õ &#213; &Otilde; Latin capital letter O with tilde
214 326 D6 11010110 Ö &#214; &Ouml; Latin capital letter O with diaeresis
215 327 D7 11010111 × &#215; &times; Multiplication sign
216 330 D8 11011000 Ø &#216; &Oslash; Latin capital letter O with slash
217 331 D9 11011001 Ù &#217; &Ugrave; Latin capital letter U with grave
218 332 DA 11011010 Ú &#218; &Uacute; Latin capital letter U with acute
219 333 DB 11011011 Û &#219; &Ucirc; Latin capital letter U with circumflex
220 334 DC 11011100 Ü &#220; &Uuml; Latin capital letter U with diaeresis
221 335 DD 11011101 Ý &#221; &Yacute; Latin capital letter Y with acute
222 336 DE 11011110 Þ &#222; &THORN; Latin capital letter THORN
223 337 DF 11011111 ß &#223; &szlig; Latin small letter sharp s – ess-zed
224 340 E0 11100000 à &#224; &agrave; Latin small letter a with grave
225 341 E1 11100001 á &#225; &aacute; Latin small letter a with acute
226 342 E2 11100010 â &#226; &acirc; Latin small letter a with circumflex
227 343 E3 11100011 ã &#227; &atilde; Latin small letter a with tilde
228 344 E4 11100100 ä &#228; &auml; Latin small letter a with diaeresis
229 345 E5 11100101 å &#229; &aring; Latin small letter a with ring above
230 346 E6 11100110 æ &#230; &aelig; Latin small letter ae
231 347 E7 11100111 ç &#231; &ccedil; Latin small letter c with cedilla
232 350 E8 11101000 è &#232; &egrave; Latin small letter e with grave
233 351 E9 11101001 é &#233; &eacute; Latin small letter e with acute
234 352 EA 11101010 ê &#234; &ecirc; Latin small letter e with circumflex
235 353 EB 11101011 ë &#235; &euml; Latin small letter e with diaeresis
236 354 EC 11101100 ì &#236; &igrave; Latin small letter i with grave
237 355 ED 11101101 í &#237; &iacute; Latin small letter i with acute
238 356 EE 11101110 î &#238; &icirc; Latin small letter i with circumflex
239 357 EF 11101111 ï &#239; &iuml; Latin small letter i with diaeresis
240 360 F0 11110000 ð &#240; &eth; Latin small letter eth
241 361 F1 11110001 ñ &#241; &ntilde; Latin small letter n with tilde
242 362 F2 11110010 ò &#242; &ograve; Latin small letter o with grave
243 363 F3 11110011 ó &#243; &oacute; Latin small letter o with acute
244 364 F4 11110100 ô &#244; &ocirc; Latin small letter o with circumflex
245 365 F5 11110101 õ &#245; &otilde; Latin small letter o with tilde
246 366 F6 11110110 ö &#246; &ouml; Latin small letter o with diaeresis
247 367 F7 11110111 ÷ &#247; &divide; Division sign
248 370 F8 11111000 ø &#248; &oslash; Latin small letter o with slash
249 371 F9 11111001 ù &#249; &ugrave; Latin small letter u with grave
250 372 FA 11111010 ú &#250; &uacute; Latin small letter u with acute
251 373 FB 11111011 û &#251; &ucirc; Latin small letter u with circumflex
252 374 FC 11111100 ü &#252; &uuml; Latin small letter u with diaeresis
253 375 FD 11111101 ý &#253; &yacute; Latin small letter y with acute
254 376 FE 11111110 þ &#254; &thorn; Latin small letter thorn
255 377 FF 11111111 ÿ &#255; &yuml; Latin small letter y with diaeresis

 

Uppercase Lowercase
Alt Codes Symbol Description Alt Codes Symbol Description
Alt 0192 À A grave Alt 0224 à a grave
Alt 0193 Á A acute Alt 0225 á a acute
Alt 0194 Â A circumflex Alt 0226 â a circumflex
Alt 0195 Ã A tilde Alt 0227 ã a tilde
Alt 0196 Ä A umlaut Alt 0228 ä a umlaut
Alt 0199 Ç C cedilla Alt 0231 ç c cedilla
Alt 0200 È E grave Alt 0232 è e grave
Alt 0201 É E acute Alt 0233 é e acute
Alt 0202 Ê E circumflex Alt 0234 ê e circumflex
Alt 0203 Ë E umlaut Alt 0235 ë e umlaut
Alt 0204 Ì I grave Alt 0236 ì i grave
Alt 0205 Í I acute Alt 0237 í i acute
Alt 0206 Î I circumflex Alt 0238 î i circumflex
Alt 0207 Ï I umlaut Alt 0239 ï i umlaut
Alt 165 Ñ N tilde Alt 164 ñ n tilde
Alt 0210 Ò O grave Alt 0242 ò o grave
Alt 0211 Ó O acute Alt 0243 ó o acute
Alt 0212 Ô O circumflex Alt 0244 ô o circumflex
Alt 0213 Õ O tilde Alt 0245 õ o tilde
Alt 0214 Ö O umlaut Alt 0246 ö o umlaut
Alt 0138 Š S caron Alt 0154 š s caron
Alt 0218 Ú U acute Alt 0249 ù u grave
Alt 0219 Û U circumflex Alt 0250 ú u acute
Alt 0220 Ü U umlaut Alt 0251 û u circumflex
Alt 0217 Ù U grave Alt 0252 ü u umlaut
Alt 0221 Ý Y acute Alt 0253 ý y acute
Alt 0159 Ÿ Y umlaut Alt 0255 ÿ y umlaut
Alt 0142 Ž Z caron Alt 0158 ž z caron

ALT Codes for letters with accents

Uppercase Lowercase
Alt Codes Symbol Description Alt Codes Symbol Description
Alt 0192 À A grave Alt 0224 à a grave
Alt 0193 Á A acute Alt 0225 á a acute
Alt 0194 Â A circumflex Alt 0226 â a circumflex
Alt 0195 Ã A tilde Alt 0227 ã a tilde
Alt 0196 Ä A umlaut Alt 0228 ä a umlaut
Alt 0199 Ç C cedilla Alt 0231 ç c cedilla
Alt 0200 È E grave Alt 0232 è e grave
Alt 0201 É E acute Alt 0233 é e acute
Alt 0202 Ê E circumflex Alt 0234 ê e circumflex
Alt 0203 Ë E umlaut Alt 0235 ë e umlaut
Alt 0204 Ì I grave Alt 0236 ì i grave
Alt 0205 Í I acute Alt 0237 í i acute
Alt 0206 Î I circumflex Alt 0238 î i circumflex
Alt 0207 Ï I umlaut Alt 0239 ï i umlaut
Alt 165 Ñ N tilde Alt 164 ñ n tilde
Alt 0210 Ò O grave Alt 0242 ò o grave
Alt 0211 Ó O acute Alt 0243 ó o acute
Alt 0212 Ô O circumflex Alt 0244 ô o circumflex
Alt 0213 Õ O tilde Alt 0245 õ o tilde
Alt 0214 Ö O umlaut Alt 0246 ö o umlaut
Alt 0138 Š S caron Alt 0154 š s caron
Alt 0218 Ú U acute Alt 0249 ù u grave
Alt 0219 Û U circumflex Alt 0250 ú u acute
Alt 0220 Ü U umlaut Alt 0251 û u circumflex
Alt 0217 Ù U grave Alt 0252 ü u umlaut
Alt 0221 Ý Y acute Alt 0253 ý y acute
Alt 0159 Ÿ Y umlaut Alt 0255 ÿ y umlaut
Alt 0142 Ž Z caron Alt 0158 ž z caron

ALT Codes for Currency Symbols

Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 0164 ¤ Currency
Alt 156 £ Pound
Alt 0128 Euro
Alt 36 $ Dollar Sign
Alt 155 ¢ Cent
Alt 157 ¥ Yen
Alt 158 Peseta
Alt 159 ƒ Frank / Gulder

ALT Codes for Mathematical Symbols

Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 0169 © Copyright
Alt 169 ® Registered symbol
Alt 0153 Trademark

ALT Codes for Punctuation

Interrogetary and Exclamatory
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 33 ! Exclamation Mark
Alt 19 Double Exclamation
Alt 173 ¡ Inverted exclamation mark
Alt 63 ? Question Mark
Alt 168 ¿ inverted question mark
Alt Codes for Parenthesis
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 40 ( Open Bracket
Alt 41 ) Close Bracked
Alt 91 [ Open Square Bracket
Alt 93 ] Close Square Bracket
Alt 123 { Open curley bracket
Alt 125 } Close curley bracket
Alt Codes for Editing
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 28 Tab Marker
Alt 21 § Paragraph
Alt 20 Carriage Return
Alt 0134 dagger / obelos
Alt 0135 double dagger / diesis
Reported Speech / Quotation
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 34 Quotation Mark
Alt 0139 quotation mark
Alt 0155 quotation mark
Alt 0145 curly single open quote
Alt 0146 curly single close quote
Alt 0147 curly double open quote
Alt 0148 curly double close quote
Alt 174 « Quotation Mark
Alt 175 » Quotation Mark
Alt 0130 curly single quote
Alt 0132 low curly doublequote
Alt Codes for Abbreviation
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 39 Apostraphe
Alt 96 ` Angled Apostraphe
Alt 38 & Ampersand
Alt 64 @ At Symbol
Alt Codes for General Punctuation
Alt 58 : Colon
Alt 59 ; Semi-Colon
Alt 44 , Comma
Alt 46 . Full Stop / Period
Alt 32   Space
Alt 255   Alternative Space
Alt 0133 dot dot dot / ellipsis
Alt 95 _ Underscore
Alt 0175 ¯ overscore
Alt 124 | Bar
Alt 126 ~ Tilda/Squiggle
Alt 0168 ¨ diaresis
Alt 45 Dash or Hyphen
Alt 0151 Longer Dash or Hyphen
Alt 22 Long Hyphon
Alt 42 * Asterisk
Alt 47 / Slash
Alt 92 \ Back Slash
1º and 1ª mean 1st in some languages
Alt 166 ª a superscript
Alt 167 º o superscript
Archaic Punctuation Alt Codes
Alt 0183 · interpunct

Alt Codes for entering Bullets and Symbols

Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 1 White Smiley
Alt 2 Black Smiley
Alt 3 Heart
Alt 4 Diamond
Alt 5 Club
Alt 6 Spade
Alt 7 Bullet 1
Alt 8 Bullet 2
Alt 9 Bullet 3
Alt 10 Bullet 4
Alt 11 Male Sign
Alt 12 Female Sign
Alt 13 Quaver
Alt 14 Joined Quavers
Alt 16 Play Forward
Alt 17 Play Reverse
Alt 254 Stop
Alt 30  
Alt 31  
Alt 23  
Alt 24 Up Arrow
Alt 25 Down Arrow
Alt 26 Right Arrow
Alt 27 Left Arrow
Alt 0129   Undefined – Normally generates a box
Alt 15 ??
127 ??
Alt 18 ??
Alt 29 ??

Alt Codes for entering Mathematical Symbols

ALT Codes for Mathematical Symbols
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 48 – 57 0 – 9 zero to nine
Alt Codes for Basic Operators
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 43 + Plus Sign
Alt 45 Minus Sign
Alt 0215 × Multiplication Sign
Alt 0247 ÷ Obelus / Division ign
Alt Codes for Pers
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 37 % Percentage Sign
Alt 0137 Per mille (per thousand)
Alt Codes for Bracketing
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 40 ( Open Bracket
Alt 41 ) Close Bracked
Alt Codes for Degree of Accuracy
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 241 ± Plus or Minus
Alt Codes for Fractions
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 47 / Fraction seperator
Alt 0188 ¼ Quarter
Alt 0189 ½ Half
Alt 0190 ¾ Three quarters
Alt 46 . Decimal Point
Alt Codes for Equality
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 240 Exactly Identical
Alt 61 = Equals
Alt 247 Approximately equal
Alt Codes for Inequality
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 60 < Less Than
Alt 62 > Greater Than
Alt 242 Greater than or equal
Alt 243 Less than or equal
Alt Codes for Powers
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 251 Square Root
Alt 252 Power n
Alt 0185 ¹ To the power of 1
Alt 0178 ² squared
Alt 0179 ³ cubed
Angles and Trigonometric Alt Codes
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 227 π Pi
Alt 248 ° Degree sign
 
General Mathematical Symbols
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 35 # Number
Alt 236 Infinity
Alt 230 µ Micro
Alt 228 Σ Sum
Alt 239 ??
Integration / Integral Sign
Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 244 Top half
Alt 245 Bottom Half

ALT Codes for Programming

Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 0166 ¦ Unix Pipeline
Alt 40 ( Open Bracket
Alt 41 ) Close Bracked
Alt 94 ^ To the power of
Alt 60 < Less Than
Alt 62 > Greater Than
Alt 61 = Equals
Alt 42 * Multiply
Alt 47 / Divide or Slash
Alt 92 \ Back Slash
Alt 35 # Hash
Alt 40 ( Open Bracket
Alt 41 ) Close Bracked
Alt 64 @ At Symbol
Alt 91 [ Open Square Bracket
Alt 93 ] Close Square Bracket
Alt 123 { Open curley bracket
Alt 125 } Close curley bracket
Alt 42 * Wildcard and Multiply

ALT Codes for “Extra” Letters

Uppercase Lowercase
Alt Code Symbol Description Alt Code Symbol Description
Alt 0229 å Aa Alt 0197 Å aa
Alt 0140 Œ Oethel Alt 0156 œ oethel
Alt 0254 þ Thorn Alt 0222 Þ thorn
Alt 0216 Ø Slashed O Alt 0248 ø Slashed o
Alt 0198 Æ AE ligature Alt 0230 æ ae ligature
Alt 165 Ñ N tilde Alt 164 ñ n tilde
Alt 0223 ß Eszett
Alt 0208 Ð Eth Alt 0240 ð eth

ALT Codes for Arrow Symbols

Alt Code Symbol
Filled Arrows
Alt 16
Alt 17
Alt 254
Alt 30
Alt 31
Line Arrows
Alt 23
Alt 24
Alt 25
Alt 26
Alt 27

Selected Custom Characters

Cyrillic chars

Words Desr
А́ а́
Ъ́ ъ́
О́ о́
У́ у́
е́ Е́
И́ и́
Ю́ ю́
Я́ я́
right accent
А̀ а̀
Ъ̀ ъ̀
О̀ о̀
У̀ у̀
Ѐ ѐ
Ѝ ѝ
ю̀ ю̀
Я̀ я̀
left accent
Й̀ ѝ̀, Й́, ѝ́ complex
Ѝ ѝ
Й й
 
   

Special Chars

Words Desr
Trade Mark;  Alt Code 0153
© Copyright; Alt Code 169;
   
   
   

Greek chars

The Greek alphabet

Greek name of letter


Symbol

English equivalent

Pronunciation

Alpha

Α

A

A as in smart

Beta

Β

B

V as in very

Gamma

Γ

G

Between Y as in yes and G as in go, but with no hard ‘G’ sound – more of a soft ‘H’ followed by the ‘Y’ sound in yes

Delta

Δ

D

Th as in the 

Epsilon

Ε

E

E as in very

Zeta

Ζ

Z

Z as in zoo

Eta

Η

E

Ee as in bee

Theta

Θ

Th

Th as in think

Iota

Ι

I

Ee as in bee or I as in bitter or sit

Kappa

Κ

K

K as in look

Lamda

Λ

L

L as in log

Mu

Μ

M

M as in man

Nu

Ν

N

N as in not

Xi

Ξ

X

X as in box

Omicron

Ο

O

O as in box

Pi

Π

P

P as in top, but softer and close to ‘B’

Rho

Ρ

R, Rh

a rolled R

Sigma

Σ

S

S as in sap with a hint of Sh as in sugar

Tau

Τ

T

T as in lot, but softer and close to ‘D’

Upsilon

Υ

U

Same as eta – Ee as in bee

Phi

Φ

Ph

Ph as in photo

Chi

Χ

Kh

Ch as in the scottish ‘loch’ but softer – not a hard sound

Psi

Ψ

Ps

Ps as in upside

Omega

Ω

M

like omicron – O as in box – or longer ‘O’ sound like the vowel sound in oar

Alpha Α α
Beta Β β
Gamma Γ γ
Delta Δ δ
Epsilon Ε ε
Zeta Ζ ζ
Eta Η η
Theta Θ θ ϑ
Iota Ι ι
Kappa Κ κ
Lambda Λ λ
Mu Μ μ
Nu Ν ν
Xi Ξ ξ
Omicron Ο ο
Pi Π π
Rho Ρ ρ
Sigma Σ σ ς
Tau Τ τ
Upsilon Υ υ
Phi Φ φ
Chi Χ χ
Psi Ψ ψ
Omega Ω ω
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   

Europeand Special Chars

Accents and diacritical marks
Non-standard characters signs that change the sound of letters and words

Many western languages contain words with letters whose sound is determined by these accents and diacritical marks. The effects are different depending on the language; here are the names and examples of the more common marks and non-standard characters. Usage of these accents and marks is not restricted to the letters shown in the examples.

  • é – accent acute
  • è – accent grave
  • ê – circumflex
  • ë – umlaut or diaerisis
  • ç – cedilla
  • ñ – tilde
  • ø – streg
  • ð – eth (capital form Ð)
  • å – bolle
  • æ – ligature
  • œ – ligature
  • ē – macron
  • č – háček
  • ŭ – crescent

All in one table below:

¡¿
ÄäÀàÁáÂâÃãÅåǍǎĄąĂăÆæĀā
ÇçĆćĈĉČč
ĎđĐďð
ÈèÉéÊêËëĚěĘęĖėĒē
ĜĝĢģĞğ
Ĥĥ
ÌìÍíÎîÏïıĪīĮį
Ĵĵ
Ķķ
ĹĺĻļŁłĽľ
ÑñŃńŇňŅņ
ÖöÒòÓóÔôÕõŐőØøŒœ
ŔŕŘř
ẞߌśŜŝŞşŠšȘș
ŤťŢţÞþȚț
ÜüÙùÚúÛûŰűŨũŲųŮůŪū
Ŵŵ
ÝýŸÿŶŷ
ŹźŽžŻż
   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Info:
Croatian letter – đ and Đ.
Hungarian letters – őŐ and űŰ
Swedish letters –  Åå
Polish letters – ŻżĄąĘę
Romainan letters –  Ţţ Ăă
Dannish letters –  Ææ
Icelandic letters –  ð, þ, and Þ
French letters – Œ
Slovakia letters Ľľ   and Czeck letters Ůů
 Turkish letters – Ğğ and ı
Baltic package –  Āā, Ėė, Ēē, Īī, Įį, Ņņ and Ūū
Others –  ď, ģ, ì, Ï, ì, Ø and ť
T and S with comma and cedilla
Bulgarian letters – АБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦШЩЪЮЯ
Greek letters –

 

 

Links

Online Keyboard (Multilingual) – Greek sample
https://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/greek_modern.htm

Online Keyboard (Multilingual) – Bulgarian sample:
https://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/bulgarian.htm