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Total Commander Shortcuts

Intro

Total Commander is a file manager for Windows, a program like Windows Explorer to copy, move or delete files. However, Total Commander can do much more than Explorer, e.g. pack and unpack files, access ftp servers, compare files by content, etc!
It was known as Windows Commander and in 2002 there was a name change – the new name is “Total Commander”.
See the latest version at https://www.ghisler.com/
Total Commander is very configurable, and you should take advantage of this. Go through the entire Configuration dialog, and set it up the way you like it. If you don’t understand what an option does, consult the manual. This may take you 15 minutes, but the program will work the way you want it afterwards. Some suggestions follow.

GUI vs CommandLine interface

Limiting yourself to classic GUI interface is not wise. Command line interface , especially in mixed form when elements of the GUI can be used to help to form a command and provide feedback is powerful and available tools that should not be abandoned just because it is out of fashion. But the opposite danger also exists. In a way extremes meet: It is equally unwise to completely ignore GUI interface (and mouse as a very useful, excellent tool) like some Unix sysadmin prefer. There are situations when using GUI is much more productive.
And GUI interface itself should never be associated only with classic Windows-style interface. Other forms including hybrid are also possible. In this sense dominance of windows and Microsoft Office shut out all alternatives.
But, nevertheless, they do exist. (Read more at http://www.softpanorama.org/OFM/gui_vs_command_line.shtml)

Efficient Use

When using Total Commander, always remember that the keyboard is quicker than the mouse. At first, you may need to have the function key buttons in view to remember what each key does. Later on, however, you may realize that you don’t need them, and hide them to save screen space.
When moving around the directories, use the arrow keys. You can move left and right as well as up and down. To switch to the “Brief” view, press Ctrl+F1. You may also use the Home/End/PageUp/PageDown navigation keys. The selection of files is done by either holding down shift while moving around, or pressing the spacebar when a cursor is over the file you want to select. When using the spacebar method on directories, the space they occupy will be shown in the status bar. You may also select large groups of files with the right mouse button.
Total Commander also supports browser-like back/forward navigation. The same shortcut keys – Alt+Left for back and Alt+Right for forward – apply here. You can also use the mouse with the toolbar buttons. Backspace will take you one directory level up.
Be sure to make use of the internal zip packer and unpacker. Press Alt+F5 to pack a group of files, and Alt+F9 to unpack them. You may also navigate inside of archives, including nested archives. Just select one and press Enter like always. This also works for other archives, such as RAR, ACE, CAB, and the self-extracting versions of these (Press Ctrl+PageDown to navigate inside of a self-extracting archive.)
If you need to do something via the menus, try to remember the shortcut key next time. If the menu item doesn’t have a shortcut key, you can map one to your liking. Go to the Configuration dialog, and open the Misc tab. On the bottom, you’ll see the Redefine hotkeys area. If you don’t, you’re probably using an older version – the feature was introduced in version 4.02. Remapping the keys may seem a bit awkward at first. You must first choose the key combination by checking the Control, Alt, and/or Shift buttons and choosing the key that goes with them from the selection box. Then, select the command you wish to map the key to. Finally, click the checkbox button to make the key binding take effect.
Selecting files is very easy. Just right-click a file to select it. Right-click again to deselect. You can also drag the right mouse button to select groups of files. Selection with the keyboard is very versatile. Here’s a short list of shortcuts you should be familiar with (I only listed the most useful ones).

Moving Files with Rename

Keystroke	Function
Spacebar	Select or deselect the file at the cursor.
+/- (number pad)	Select/deselect files using a mask you specify.
Ctrl +/-	Select/deselect all files.
Alt +/-	Select/deselect all files with the same extension.
*	Reverse selection.

Defining Colors for Different File Types

You can make file browsing a lot easier by using the Define colors by file type option. This is very useful if you often work with a particular kind of file. To use this feature, go to the Options dialog (Configuration | Options) and then switch to the Color tab. Click the Define colors by file type button; You’ll have to check the checkbox next to it if it isn’t already checked. Besides defining colors by a file’s name, you can also define colors by the file’s attributes, size, or other options. For example, you could define the colors so that files larger than a certain size are easily visible, or so that executable files are a different color. It’s a good idea to make directories a different color, especially if you aren’t using symbols (icons) so that they stand out in a directory listing. The possibilities are endless!

Using the Multi-Rename Tool

Learn how to use the Multi-Rename Tool, a new feature in Total Commander 4.50 and above. It can be very useful if you need to rename a large amount of files using the same rule. Select all the files you want to rename, and then press Ctrl+M. If you need help, press F1 for detailed documentation.

Copying a File’s Name

To quickly copy a file’s name, press Shift+F6 and then Ctrl+C or Shift+Ins to copy its name. Press Escape to cancel the rename process.

Displaying All Files in a Directory Tree

Total Commander 4.52 also includes a great command to view all files in a subdirectory. This is useful in many different situations, such as renaming a group of files that are distributed among a tree of directories. To use this feature, just press Ctrl+B. If you don’t have version 4.52, you can duplicate this feature with the following steps:

Open the Find Files dialog by pressing Alt+F7.
Leave the Search for field blank, and press the Start search button (or just press Enter).
Press Feed to listbox (Alt+L).

This feature can also be used in conjunction with the Multi-Rename Tool. Be careful when using it, though, as it can take a very long time to list all of the files in a big tree, such as the root directory of a drive.

Shortcuts

Generic

F1	Help
F2	Reread source window
F3	List files
F4	Edit files
F5	Copy files
F6	Rename or move files
F7	Create directory
F8	Delete files to recycle bin /delete directly – according to configuration (or Delete)
F9	Activate menu above source window (left or right)
F10	Activate left menu or deactivate menu
Alt+F1	change left drive
Alt+F2	change right drive
Alt+F3	Use alternate (external or internal) viewer
Alt+Shift+F3	Start Lister and load file with internal viewer (no plugins or multimedia)
Alt+F4	Exit \| Minimize (with option MinimizeOnClose in wincmd.ini)
Alt+F5	Pack files
Alt+Shift+F5	Move to archive
Alt+F6	Unpack specified files from archive under cursor, or selected archives (use Alt+F9 on Windows 95)
Alt+F7	Find
Alt+F8	Opens the history list of the command line
Alt+F9	Same as ALT+F6 (because ALT+F6 is broken on Windows 95)
Alt+Shift+F9	Test archives
Alt+F10	Opens a dialog box with the current directory tree
Alt+F11	Opens left current directory bar (breadcrumb bar)
Alt+F12	Opens right current directory bar (breadcrumb bar)
Alt+Shift+F11	Focus the button bar to use it with the keyboard
Shift+F1	Custom columns view menu
Shift+F2	Compare file lists
Shift+F3	List only file under cursor, when multiple files selected
Shift+F4	Create new text file and load into editor
Shift+F5	Copy files (with rename) in the same directory
Shift+Ctrl+F5	Create shortcuts of the selected files
Shift+F6	Rename files in the same directory
Shift+F8/Delete	Delete directly / delete to recycle bin – according to configuration
Shift+F10	Show context menu
Shift+Esc	Minimizes Total Commander to an icon
Alt+Arrow left / Arrow right	Go to previous/next dir of already visited dirs
Alt+Arrow down	Open history list of already visited dirs (like the history list in a WWW browser)
Num +	Expand selection (configurable: just files or files and folders)
Num –	Shrink selection
Num *	Invert selection (also with shift, see link)
Num /	Restore selection
Shift+Num+[+]	Like Num +, but files and folders if Num + selects just files (and vice versa)
Shift+Num+-	Always removes the selection just from files (Num – from files and folders)
Shift+Num+*	Like Num , but files and folders if Num inverts selection of just files (and vice versa)
Ctrl+Num +	Select all (configurable: just files or files and folders)
Ctrl+Shift+Num +	Select all (files and folders if CTRL+Num + selects only files)
Ctrl+Num –	Deselect all (always files and folders)
Ctrl+Shift+Num –	Deselect all (always files, no folders)
Alt+Num +	Select all files with the same extension
Alt+Num –	Remove selection from files with the same extension
Ctrl+Page up	Change to parent directory (cd ..) , or Backspace
Ctrl+<	Jump to the root directory (most European keyboards)
Ctrl+\	Jump to the root directory (US keyboard)
Ctrl+Page down	Open directory/archive (also self extracting .EXE archives)
Ctrl+Arrow left / Arrow right	Open directory/archive and display it in the target window. If the cursor is not on a directory name, or the other panel is active, then the current directory is displayed instead.
Ctrl+F1	File display ‘brief’ (only file names)
Ctrl+Shift+F1	Thumbnails view (preview pictures)
Ctrl+F2	File display ‘full’ (all file details)
Ctrl+Shift+F2	Comments view (new comments are created with Ctrl+Z)
Ctrl+F3	Sort by name
Ctrl+F4	Sort by extension
Ctrl+F5	Sort by date/time
Ctrl+F6	Sort by size
Ctrl+F7	Unsorted
Ctrl+F8	Display directory tree
Ctrl+Shift+F8	Cycle through separate directory tree states: one tree, two trees, off
Ctrl+F9	Print file under cursor using the associated program
Ctrl+F10	Show all files
Ctrl+F11	Show only programs
Ctrl+F12	Show user defined files
Tab	Switch between left and right file list
Shift+Tab	Switch between current file list and separate tree (if enabled)
Insert	Select file or directory.
Space	Select file or directory (as INSERT). If SPACE is used on an unselected directory under the cursor, the contents in this directory are counted and the size is shown in the “full” view instead of the string . This can be disabled through ‘Configuration’ – ‘Options’ – ‘Operation’ – ‘Selection with Space’.
Enter	Change directory / run program / run associated program / execute command line if not empty. If the source directory shows the contents of an archive, further information on the packed file is given.
Shift+Enter	1. Runs command line / program under cursor with preceding command /c and leave the program’s window open. Only works if NOCLOSE.PIF is in your Windows directory! 2. With ZIP files: use alternative choice of these (as chosen in Packer config): (Treat archives like directories <-> call associated program, i.e. winzip or quinzip) 3. In the list of last used dirs (History, Ctrl+D), open the directory on a new Tab.
Alt+Shift+Enter	The contents of all directories in the current directory are counted. The sizes of the directories are then shown in the “full” view instead of the string . Abort by holding down ESC key.
Alt+Enter	Show property sheet.
Ctrl+a	Select all
Ctrl+b	Directory branch: Show contents of current dir and all subdirs in one list
Ctrl+Shift+b	Selected directory branch: Show selected files, and all in selected subdirs
Ctrl+c	Copy files to clipboard
Ctrl+x	Cut files to clipboard
Ctrl+v	Paste from clipboard to current dir.
Ctrl+d	Open directory hotlist (‘bookmarks’)

Ctrl+f	Connect to FTP server
Ctrl+Shift+f	Disconnect from FTP server
Ctrl+i	Switch to target directory
Ctrl+l	Calculate occupied space (of the selected files)
Ctrl+m	Multi-Rename-Tool
Ctrl+Shift+m	Change FTP transfer mode
Ctrl+n	New FTP connection (enter URL or host address)
Ctrl+p	Copy current path to command line
Ctrl+q	Quick view panel instead of file window
Ctrl+r	Reread source directory
Ctrl+s	Open Quick Filter dialog and activate filter (deactivate with ESC or CTRL+F10)
Ctrl+Shift+s	Open Quick Filter dialog and reactivate last-used filter
Ctrl+t	Open new folder tab and activate it
Ctrl+Shift+t	Open new folder tab, but do not activate it
Ctrl+u	Exchange directories
Ctrl+Shift+u	Exchange directories and tabs
Ctrl+w	Close currently active tab
Ctrl+Shift+w	Close all open tabs
Ctrl+z	Edit file comment
Ctrl+Arrow up	Open dir under cursor in new tab
Ctrl+Shift+Arrow Up	Open dir under cursor in other window (new tab)
Ctrl+Tab/Ctrl+Shift+Tab	Jump to next tab / jump to previous tab
Ctrl+Alt+Letter	Quick search for a file name (starting with specified letters) in the current directory (Support hotkeys Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V and Ctrl+A; use Ctrl+S for search filter on/off)

FTP

Ctrl+F	Connect to FTP Server
Ctrl+SHIFT+F	Disconnect current FTP connection
Ctrl+N	New FTP connection

Selections

Insert/Space	Select current file/folder
Num *	Invert selection
Num /	Restore selection
Ctrl+A	Select all
Ctrl+l	Calculate occupied space of selecte files
Ctrl+Num –	Deselect all
Alt+Num+	Select all files with extension
Alt+Num-	Deselect all files with extension

Moving around

Alt+F1	Change left drive
Alt+F2	Change right drive
Alt+Arrow Down	Open list of visited directories
Alt+Arrow Left	Jump to previous directory
Alt+Arrow Right	Jump to next directory
Ctrl+<	Jump to root directory
Backspace	Change to parent directory
Tab	Switch between left and right file list

Navigation

Alt+F1	Change left drive
Alt+F2	Change right drive
Alt+Arrow Down	Open list of visited directories
Alt+Arrow Left	Jump to previous directory
Alt+Arrow Right	Jump to next directory
Ctrl+<	Jump to root directory
Backspace	Change to parent directory
Tab	Switch between left and right file list

View

Ctrl+u	Swap left & right view
F2/Ctrl+r	Refresh current directory
Ctrl+b	Show contents of current dir and all subdirs in one list
Ctrl+Shift+B	Selected directory branch
Alt+Enter	Show file properties window
F1	Help
Ctrl+l	Calculate occupied space (of selecte files)

File manipulation

F3	List file contents
Shift+F3	List file under cursor with multiple files selected
F4	Edit files
Shift+F4	Create new text file and load in editor
F5/Ctrl+c	Copy file
Shift+F5	Copy files (with rename) in same directory
F6	Rename or move files
Shift+F6	Rename files in same directory
F7	Create directory
F8/Delete	Delete files
Ctrl+v	Paste file in current directory
Ctrl+x	Cut file
Ctrl+m	Multi-rename tool

Archiving

Alt+F5	Pack files
Alt+Shift+F5	Move to archive
Alt+F6	Unpack from archive under cursor
Alt+Shift+F9	Test archives

File sorting

Ctrl+F3	Sort by name
Ctrl+F4	Sort by extension
Ctrl+F5	Sort by date/time
Ctrl+F6	Sort by size
Ctrl+F7	Unsorted

Searching

Ctrl+s	Quick search
Alt+F7	Find

Command Line with TC

%comspec%            Envoke CMD (ancient times)
CMD                         Envoke CMD
CMD /C                    Carries out the command specified by string and then terminates
CMD /K                    Carries out the command specified by string but remains
(For more complete CMD with switches see relevant CMD cheatsheet)

Other

Ctrl+Shift+w                              Close all open tabs
Ctrl+z                                        Edit file comment
Ctrl+Arrow up                       Open dir under cursor in new tab
Ctrl+Shift+Arrow     Up Open dir under cursor in other window (new tab)
Ctrl+Tab/Ctrl+Shift+Tab        Jump to next tab / jump to previous tab
Ctrl+Alt+Letter                          Quick search for a file name (starting with specified letters) in the current directory
                                                       (Support hotkeys Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V and Ctrl+A; use Ctrl+S for search filter on/off)
Ctrl+ArrowLeft/Right Duplicate current path of the panel in the other panel

Button Bar Parameters

Total Commander Button Bar Parameters

?	As the first parameter causes a Dialog box to be displayed before starting the program, containing the following parameters. You can change the parameters before starting the program. You can even prevent the program’s execution.
%P	Causes the source path to be inserted into the command line, including a backslash (\) at the end.
%N	Places the filename under the cursor into the command line.
%T	Inserts the current target path. Especially useful for packers.
%M	Places the current filename in the target directory into the command line.
%O	Places the current filename without extension into the command line.
%E	Places the current extension (without leading period) into the command line. Note: %N and %M insert the long name, while %n and %m insert the DOS alias name (8.3). %P and %T insert the long path name, and %p and %t the short path name. (Same for %o and %e)
%%	Inserts the percent sign.
%L	Long file names including the complete path, e.g. c:\Program Files\Long name.exe
%l (lowercase L)	Short file names including the complete path, e.g. C:\PROGRA~1\LONGNA~1.EXE
%F	Long file names without path, e.g. Long name.exe
%f	Short file names without path, e.g. LONGNA~1.EXE
%D	Short file names including the complete path, but using the DOS character set for accents.
%d	Short file names without path, but using the DOS character set for accents.

How-to use button bar parameters

Step 1.Create a new button on the button bar

Step 2.Using the menu, insert the path to the ImgBurn executable

Step 3.Insert the string below as the value in the Parameters box:

This will feed a file to the standard build menu?/MODE BUILD /BUILDINPUTMODE STANDARD /BUILDOUTPUTMODE DEVICE /SRCLIST “%P%N” /FILESYSTEM “UDF” /UDFREVISION “1.02” /NOIMAGEDETAILS /ROOTFOLDER YES /NOSAVESETTINGS /VERIFY /VOLUMELABEL “%O”

You can use the cheats above to figure out what is going on in this string.

Step 4.Choose the icon for the button and press ok.

Total Commander Links

The Total Commander Site	http://www.ghisler.com/
TC wiki	https://www.ghisler.ch/wiki
An unofficial database of plugins	www.totalcmd.net
Source of this cheatsheet	http://www.ghisler.ch/wiki/index.php/Buttonbar#Special_parameters:
TC forum	https://www.ghisler.ch/board/

Overview

Like any powerful tool, Total Commander won’t work the way you want it right away. Until you use it a little and learn how it works, it may even seem a bit uncomfortable. But don’t be discouraged, as the payoff is too great to ignore. You’ll do all your file management a lot faster. An experienced person using Total Commander may seem like a magician to observers.

VI Editor Cheatsheet

Intro

The default editor that comes with the UNIX operating system is called vi (visual editor). [Alternate editors for UNIX environments include vim, nano, pico and emacs, a product of GNU.] The UNIX vi editor is a full screen editor and has two modes of operation:

Command mode commands which cause action to be taken on the file, and
Insert mode in which entered text is inserted into the file.

In the command mode, every character typed is a command that does something to the text file being edited; a character typed in the command mode may even cause the vi editor to enter the insert mode. In the insert mode, every character typed is added to the text in the file; pressing the <Esc> (Escape) key turns off the Insert mode.

The vi editor opens in this mode, and it only understands commands
In this mode, you can, move the cursor and cut, copy, paste the text
This mode also saves the changes you have made to the file
Commands are case sensitive. You should use the right letter case.
While there are a number of vi commands, just a handful of these is usually sufficient for beginning vi users. To assist such users, here’s a list that contains a sampling of basic vi commands. The most basic and useful commands are marked with an asterisk (* or star) in the tables below. With practice, these commands should become automatic.

To Start `vi`

To use vi on a file, type in vi filename. If the file named filename exists, then the first page (or screen) of the file will be displayed; if the file does not exist, then an empty file and screen are created into which you may enter text.

*	`vi filename`	edit `filename` starting at line 1
	`vi -r filename`	recover `filename` that was being edited when system crashed

To Exit `vi`

Usually the new or modified file is saved when you leave vi. However, it is also possible to quit vi without saving the file.

Note: The cursor moves to bottom of screen whenever a colon (:) is typed. This type of command is completed by hitting the <Return> (or <Enter>) key.

*	`😡<Return>`	quit `vi`, writing out modified file to file named in original invocation
	`:wq<Return>`	quit `vi`, writing out modified file to file named in original invocation
	`:q<Return>`	quit (or exit) `vi`
*	`:q!<Return>`	quit `vi` even though latest changes have not been saved for this `vi` call

Moving the Cursor

Unlike many of the PC and MacIntosh editors, the mouse does not move the cursor within the vi editor screen (or window). You must use the the key commands listed below. On some UNIX platforms, the arrow keys may be used as well; however, since vi was designed with the Qwerty keyboard (containing no arrow keys) in mind, the arrow keys sometimes produce strange effects in vi and should be avoided.

If you go back and forth between a PC environment and a UNIX environment, you may find that this dissimilarity in methods for cursor movement is the most frustrating difference between the two.

In the table below, the symbol ^ before a letter means that the <Ctrl> key should be held down while the letter key is pressed.

*	`j` or `<Return>` [or down-arrow]	move cursor down one line
*	`k` [or up-arrow]	move cursor up one line
*	`h` or `<Backspace>` [or left-arrow]	move cursor left one character
*	`l` or `<Space>` [or right-arrow]	move cursor right one character
*	`0` (zero)	move cursor to start of current line (the one with the cursor)
*	`$`	move cursor to end of current line
	`w`	move cursor to beginning of next word
	`b`	move cursor back to beginning of preceding word
	`:0<Return> or 1G`	move cursor to first line in file
	`:n<Return> or nG`	move cursor to line `n`
	`:$<Return> or G`	move cursor to last line in file

Screen Manipulation

The following commands allow the vi editor screen (or window) to move up or down several lines and to be refreshed.

	`^f`	move forward one screen
	`^b`	move backward one screen
	`^d`	move down (forward) one half screen
	`^u`	move up (back) one half screen
	`^l`	redraws the screen
	`^r`	redraws the screen, removing deleted lines

Adding, Changing, and Deleting Text

Unlike PC editors, you cannot replace or delete text by highlighting it with the mouse. Instead use the commands in the following tables.

Perhaps the most important command is the one that allows you to back up and undo your last action. Unfortunately, this command acts like a toggle, undoing and redoing your most recent action. You cannot go back more than one step.

*	`u`	UNDO WHATEVER YOU JUST DID; a simple toggle

The main purpose of an editor is to create, add, or modify text for a file.

Inserting or Adding Text

The following commands allow you to insert and add text. Each of these commands puts the vi editor into insert mode; thus, the <Esc> key must be pressed to terminate the entry of text and to put the vi editor back into command mode.

*	`i`	insert text before cursor, until `<Esc>` hit
	`I`	insert text at beginning of current line, until `<Esc>` hit
*	`a`	append text after cursor, until `<Esc>` hit
	`A`	append text to end of current line, until `<Esc>` hit
*	`o`	open and put text in a new line below current line, until `<Esc>` hit
*	`O`	open and put text in a new line above current line, until `<Esc>` hit

Changing Text

The following commands allow you to modify text.

*	`r`	replace single character under cursor (no `<Esc>` needed)
	`R`	replace characters, starting with current cursor position, until `<Esc>` hit
	`cw`	change the current word with new text, starting with the character under cursor, until `<Esc>` hit
	`cNw`	change `N` words beginning with character under cursor, until `<Esc>` hit; e.g., `c5w` changes 5 words
	`C`	change (replace) the characters in the current line, until `<Esc>` hit
	`cc`	change (replace) the entire current line, stopping when `<Esc>` is hit
	`Ncc` or `cNc`	change (replace) the next N lines, starting with the current line, stopping when `<Esc>` is hit

Deleting Text

The following commands allow you to delete text.

*	`x`	delete single character under cursor
	`Nx`	delete N characters, starting with character under cursor
	`dw 4dd`	delete the single word beginning with character under cursor Delete 4 words
	`dNw`	delete `N` words beginning with character under cursor; e.g., `d5w` deletes 5 words
	`D`	delete the remainder of the line, starting with current cursor position
*	`dd 3dd`	delete entire current line Delete 3 lines
	`Ndd` or `dNd`	delete `N` lines, beginning with the current line; e.g., `5dd` deletes 5 lines

Cutting and Pasting Text

The following commands allow you to copy and paste text.

	`yy`	copy (yank, cut) the current line into the buffer
	`Nyy` or `yNy`	copy (yank, cut) the next N lines, including the current line, into the buffer
	`p`	put (paste) the line(s) in the buffer into the text after the current line

Searching Text

A common occurrence in text editing is to replace one word or phase by another. To locate instances of particular sets of characters (or strings), use the following commands.

	`/string`	search forward for occurrence of `string` in text
	`?string`	search backward for occurrence of `string` in text
	`n`	move to next occurrence of search string
	`N`	move to next occurrence of search string in opposite direction

Determining Line Numbers

Being able to determine the line number of the current line or the total number of lines in the file being edited is sometimes useful.

	`:.=`	returns line number of current line at bottom of screen
	`:=`	returns the total number of lines at bottom of screen
	`^g`	provides the current line number, along with the total number of lines, in the file at the bottom of the screen

Saving and Reading Files

These commands permit you to input and output files other than the named file with which you are currently working.

	`:r filename<Return>`	read file named `filename` and insert after current line (the line with cursor)
	`:w<Return>`	write current contents to file named in original `vi` call
	`:w newfile<Return>`	write current contents to a new file named `newfile`
	`:12,35w smallfile<Return>`	write the contents of the lines numbered 12 through 35 to a new file named `smallfile`
	`:w! prevfile<Return>`	write current contents over a pre-existing file named `prevfile`

VI CHEATSHEET

Quitting

: x	Exit, saving changes
:q	Exit as long as there have been no changes
ZZ	Exit and save changes if any have been made
:q!	Exit and ignore any changes

Inserting Text

i	Insert before cursor
I	Insert before line
a	Append after cursor
A	Append after line
o	Open a new line after current line
O	Open a new line before current line
r	Replace one character
R	Replace many characters

Motion

h	Move left
j	Move down
k	Move up
l	Move right
w	Move to next word
W	Move to next blank delimited word
b	Move to the beginning of the word
B	Move to the beginning of blank delimted word
e	Move to the end of the word
E	Move to the end of Blank delimited word
(	Move a sentence back
)	Move a sentence forward
{	Move a paragraph back
}	Move a paragraph forward
0	Move to the begining of the line
$	Move to the end of the line
1G	Move to the first line of the file
G	Move to the last line of the file
nG	Move to nth line of the file
:n	Move to nth line of the file
fc	Move forward to c
Fc	Move back to c
H	Move to top of screen
M	Move to middle of screen
L	Move to botton of screen
%	Move to associated ( ), { }, [ ]
:0	Move to the beginning of the file
:$	Move to the end of the file
[ctrl] + d	go down half a screen
[ctrl] + u	go up half a screen
[ctrl] + f	go forward a screen
[ctrl] + b	go back a screen






Deleting Text

x	Delete character to the right of cursor
X	Delete character to the left of cursor
D	Delete to the end of the line
dd	Delete current line
:d	Delete current line

Yanking Text

yy	Yank the current line
:y	Yank the current line

Changing text

C	Change to the end of the line
cc	Change the whole line
guu	lowercase line
gUU	uppercase line
~	Toggle upp and lower case

Putting text

p	Put after the position or after the line
P	Put before the poition or before the line

Markers

mc	Set marker c on this line
`c	Go to beginning of marker c line.
‘c	Go to first non-blank character of marker c line.


Search for strings

/string	Search forward for string
?string	Search back for string
n	Search for next instance of string
N	Search for previous instance of string

Replace

:s/pattern/string/flags	Replace pattern with string according to flags.
g	Flag – Replace all occurences of pattern
c	Flag – Confirm replaces.

Modes

Vi has two modes insertion mode and command mode. The editor begins in command mode, where the cursor movement and text deletion and pasting occur. Insertion mode begins upon entering an insertion or change command. [ESC] returns the editor to command mode (where you can quit, for example by typing :q!). Most commands execute as soon as you type them except for “colon” commands which execute when you press the ruturn key.

Keyboard – ASCII and UTF

Info

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It’s a 7-bit character code where every single bit represents a unique character. On this webpage you will find 8 bits, 256 characters, according to ISO 8859-1 and Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 increased characters, which is available in certain programs such as Microsoft Word.

How to keyboard imput using ALT+0000

How to generate each character with keyboard. Alt codes work on computers running any of Microsoft’s Windows operating systems.

Find the Alt Code you need from the alt code tables below.
Make sure that “Number Lock” is switched on. There should be a light on your keyboard indicating this. (If not, press the “Number Lock” key at the top left of the numeric keypad.)
Hold down the “Alt” key to the left of the space bar and key the code on the numeric keypad.
Don’t release the “Alt” key until after you’ve typed the alt code. When you release it you should see the special character you include.

Instructions for entering Alt Codes on a lap topEven if you have a laptop or a keyboard with no numeric keypad – you can still use alt codes.

Look for a “function” or “fn” key normally near the bottom left of the keyboard.
Look for a button with “num lock” written in the same colour which is usually near the top right of the keyboard.
While holding “function” press and relase “num lock“.
Enter alt codes using the method above but to enter the actual numeric alt code use the keys with numbers in the same colour as the function (fn) key. Normally “U” has 4 on it for example.
Switch “num lock” off in the same way as you switched it on to continue using your keyboard normally.

ASCII codes

ASCII control characters (character code 0-31)

The first 32 characters in the ASCII-table are unprintable control codes and are used to control peripherals such as printers.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML Number	HTML Name	Description
0	000	00	00000000	NUL			Null char
1	001	01	00000001	SOH			Start of Heading
2	002	02	00000010	STX			Start of Text
3	003	03	00000011	ETX			End of Text
4	004	04	00000100	EOT			End of Transmission
5	005	05	00000101	ENQ			Enquiry
6	006	06	00000110	ACK			Acknowledgment
7	007	07	00000111	BEL			Bell
8	010	08	00001000	BS			Back Space
9	011	09	00001001	HT			Horizontal Tab
10	012	0A	00001010	LF			Line Feed
11	013	0B	00001011	VT			Vertical Tab
12	014	0C	00001100	FF			Form Feed
13	015	0D	00001101	CR			Carriage Return
14	016	0E	00001110	SO			Shift Out / X-On
15	017	0F	00001111	SI			Shift In / X-Off
16	020	10	00010000	DLE			Data Line Escape
17	021	11	00010001	DC1			Device Control 1 (oft. XON)
18	022	12	00010010	DC2			Device Control 2
19	023	13	00010011	DC3			Device Control 3 (oft. XOFF)
20	024	14	00010100	DC4			Device Control 4
21	025	15	00010101	NAK			Negative Acknowledgement
22	026	16	00010110	SYN			Synchronous Idle
23	027	17	00010111	ETB			End of Transmit Block
24	030	18	00011000	CAN			Cancel
25	031	19	00011001	EM			End of Medium
26	032	1A	00011010	SUB			Substitute
27	033	1B	00011011	ESC			Escape
28	034	1C	00011100	FS			File Separator
29	035	1D	00011101	GS			Group Separator
30	036	1E	00011110	RS			Record Separator
31	037	1F	00011111	US			Unit Separator

ASCII printable characters (character code 32-127)

Codes 32-127 are common for all the different variations of the ASCII table, they are called printable characters, represent letters, digits, punctuation marks, and a few miscellaneous symbols. You will find almost every character on your keyboard. Character 127 represents the command DEL.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML Number ( or ALT+)	HTML Name	Description
32	040	20	00100000				Space
33	041	21	00100001	!	!		Exclamation mark
34	042	22	00100010	“	"	"	Double quotes (or speech marks)
35	043	23	00100011	#	#		Number
36	044	24	00100100	$	$		Dollar
37	045	25	00100101	%	%		Percentsign
38	046	26	00100110	&	&	&	Ampersand
39	047	27	00100111	‘	'		Single quote
40	050	28	00101000	(	(		Open parenthesis (or open bracket)
41	051	29	00101001	)	)		Close parenthesis (or close bracket)
42	052	2A	00101010	*	*		Asterisk
43	053	2B	00101011	+	+		Plus
44	054	2C	00101100	,	,		Comma
45	055	2D	00101101	–	-		Hyphen
46	056	2E	00101110	.	.		Period, dot or full stop
47	057	2F	00101111	/	/		Slash or divide
48	060	30	00110000	0	0		Zero
49	061	31	00110001	1	1		One
50	062	32	00110010	2	2		Two
51	063	33	00110011	3	3		Three
52	064	34	00110100	4	4		Four
53	065	35	00110101	5	5		Five
54	066	36	00110110	6	6		Six
55	067	37	00110111	7	7		Seven
56	070	38	00111000	8	8		Eight
57	071	39	00111001	9	9		Nine
58	072	3A	00111010	:	:		Colon
59	073	3B	00111011	;	;		Semicolon
60	074	3C	00111100	<	<	<	Less than (or open angled bracket)
61	075	3D	00111101	=	=		Equals
62	076	3E	00111110	>	>	>	Greater than (or close angled bracket)
63	077	3F	00111111	?	?		Question mark
64	100	40	01000000	@	@		At symbol
65	101	41	01000001	A	A		Uppercase A
66	102	42	01000010	B	B		Uppercase B
67	103	43	01000011	C	C		Uppercase C
68	104	44	01000100	D	D		Uppercase D
69	105	45	01000101	E	E		Uppercase E
70	106	46	01000110	F	F		Uppercase F
71	107	47	01000111	G	G		Uppercase G
72	110	48	01001000	H	H		Uppercase H
73	111	49	01001001	I	I		Uppercase I
74	112	4A	01001010	J	J		Uppercase J
75	113	4B	01001011	K	K		Uppercase K
76	114	4C	01001100	L	L		Uppercase L
77	115	4D	01001101	M	M		Uppercase M
78	116	4E	01001110	N	N		Uppercase N
79	117	4F	01001111	O	O		Uppercase O
80	120	50	01010000	P	P		Uppercase P
81	121	51	01010001	Q	Q		Uppercase Q
82	122	52	01010010	R	R		Uppercase R
83	123	53	01010011	S	S		Uppercase S
84	124	54	01010100	T	T		Uppercase T
85	125	55	01010101	U	U		Uppercase U
86	126	56	01010110	V	V		Uppercase V
87	127	57	01010111	W	W		Uppercase W
88	130	58	01011000	X	X		Uppercase X
89	131	59	01011001	Y	Y		Uppercase Y
90	132	5A	01011010	Z	Z		Uppercase Z
91	133	5B	01011011	[	[		Opening bracket
92	134	5C	01011100	\	\		Backslash
93	135	5D	01011101	]	]		Closing bracket
94	136	5E	01011110	^	^		Caret – circumflex
95	137	5F	01011111	_	_		Underscore
96	140	60	01100000	`	`		Grave accent
97	141	61	01100001	a	a		Lowercase a
98	142	62	01100010	b	b		Lowercase b
99	143	63	01100011	c	c		Lowercase c
100	144	64	01100100	d	d		Lowercase d
101	145	65	01100101	e	e		Lowercase e
102	146	66	01100110	f	f		Lowercase f
103	147	67	01100111	g	g		Lowercase g
104	150	68	01101000	h	h		Lowercase h
105	151	69	01101001	i	i		Lowercase i
106	152	6A	01101010	j	j		Lowercase j
107	153	6B	01101011	k	k		Lowercase k
108	154	6C	01101100	l	l		Lowercase l
109	155	6D	01101101	m	m		Lowercase m
110	156	6E	01101110	n	n		Lowercase n
111	157	6F	01101111	o	o		Lowercase o
112	160	70	01110000	p	p		Lowercase p
113	161	71	01110001	q	q		Lowercase q
114	162	72	01110010	r	r		Lowercase r
115	163	73	01110011	s	s		Lowercase s
116	164	74	01110100	t	t		Lowercase t
117	165	75	01110101	u	u		Lowercase u
118	166	76	01110110	v	v		Lowercase v
119	167	77	01110111	w	w		Lowercase w
120	170	78	01111000	x	x		Lowercase x
121	171	79	01111001	y	y		Lowercase y
122	172	7A	01111010	z	z		Lowercase z
123	173	7B	01111011	{	{		Opening brace
124	174	7C	01111100	\|	\|		Vertical bar
125	175	7D	01111101	}	}		Closing brace
126	176	7E	01111110	~	~		Equivalency sign – tilde
127	177	7F	01111111				Delete

The extended ASCII codes (character code 128-255)

There are several different variations of the 8-bit ASCII table. The table below is according to ISO 8859-1, also called ISO Latin-1. Codes 128-159 contain the Microsoft® Windows Latin-1 extended characters.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML Number	HTML Name	Description
128	200	80	10000000	€		€	Euro sign
129	201	81	10000001
130	202	82	10000010	‚		&sbquo;	Single low-9 quotation mark
131	203	83	10000011	ƒ		&fnof;	Latin small letter f with hook
132	204	84	10000100	„		&bdquo;	Double low-9 quotation mark
133	205	85	10000101	…		…	Horizontal ellipsis
134	206	86	10000110	†		&dagger;	Dagger
135	207	87	10000111	‡		&Dagger;	Double dagger
136	210	88	10001000	ˆ		&circ;	Modifier letter circumflex accent
137	211	89	10001001	‰		&permil;	Per mille sign
138	212	8A	10001010	Š		&Scaron;	Latin capital letter S with caron
139	213	8B	10001011	‹		&lsaquo;	Single left-pointing angle quotation
140	214	8C	10001100	Œ		&OElig;	Latin capital ligature OE
141	215	8D	10001101
142	216	8E	10001110	Ž			Latin captial letter Z with caron
143	217	8F	10001111
144	220	90	10010000
145	221	91	10010001	‘		‘	Left single quotation mark
146	222	92	10010010	’		’	Right single quotation mark
147	223	93	10010011	“		“	Left double quotation mark
148	224	94	10010100	”		”	Right double quotation mark
149	225	95	10010101	•		•	Bullet
150	226	96	10010110	–		–	En dash
151	227	97	10010111	—		—	Em dash
152	230	98	10011000	˜		&tilde;	Small tilde
153	231	99	10011001	™		™	Trade mark sign
154	232	9A	10011010	š		&scaron;	Latin small letter S with caron
155	233	9B	10011011	›		&rsaquo;	Single right-pointing angle quotation mark
156	234	9C	10011100	œ		&oelig;	Latin small ligature oe
157	235	9D	10011101
158	236	9E	10011110	ž			Latin small letter z with caron
159	237	9F	10011111	Ÿ		&Yuml;	Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis
160	240	A0	10100000				Non-breaking space
161	241	A1	10100001	¡	¡	¡	Inverted exclamation mark
162	242	A2	10100010	¢	¢	¢	Cent sign
163	243	A3	10100011	£	£	£	Pound sign
164	244	A4	10100100	¤	¤	¤	Currency sign
165	245	A5	10100101	¥	¥	¥	Yen sign
166	246	A6	10100110	¦	¦	¦	Pipe, Broken vertical bar
167	247	A7	10100111	§	§	§	Section sign
168	250	A8	10101000	¨	¨	¨	Spacing diaeresis – umlaut
169	251	A9	10101001	©	©	©	Copyright sign
170	252	AA	10101010	ª	ª	ª	Feminine ordinal indicator
171	253	AB	10101011	«	«	«	Left double angle quotes
172	254	AC	10101100	¬	¬	¬	Not sign
173	255	AD	10101101				Soft hyphen
174	256	AE	10101110	®	®	®	Registered trade mark sign
175	257	AF	10101111	¯	¯	¯	Spacing macron – overline
176	260	B0	10110000	°	°	°	Degree sign
177	261	B1	10110001	±	±	±	Plus-or-minus sign
178	262	B2	10110010	²	²	²	Superscript two – squared
179	263	B3	10110011	³	³	³	Superscript three – cubed
180	264	B4	10110100	´	´	´	Acute accent – spacing acute
181	265	B5	10110101	µ	µ	µ	Micro sign
182	266	B6	10110110	¶	¶	¶	Pilcrow sign – paragraph sign
183	267	B7	10110111	·	·	·	Middle dot – Georgian comma
184	270	B8	10111000	¸	¸	¸	Spacing cedilla
185	271	B9	10111001	¹	¹	¹	Superscript one
186	272	BA	10111010	º	º	º	Masculine ordinal indicator
187	273	BB	10111011	»	»	»	Right double angle quotes
188	274	BC	10111100	¼	¼	¼	Fraction one quarter
189	275	BD	10111101	½	½	½	Fraction one half
190	276	BE	10111110	¾	¾	¾	Fraction three quarters
191	277	BF	10111111	¿	¿	¿	Inverted question mark
192	300	C0	11000000	À	À	À	Latin capital letter A with grave
193	301	C1	11000001	Á	Á	Á	Latin capital letter A with acute
194	302	C2	11000010	Â	Â	Â	Latin capital letter A with circumflex
195	303	C3	11000011	Ã	Ã	Ã	Latin capital letter A with tilde
196	304	C4	11000100	Ä	Ä	Ä	Latin capital letter A with diaeresis
197	305	C5	11000101	Å	Å	Å	Latin capital letter A with ring above
198	306	C6	11000110	Æ	Æ	Æ	Latin capital letter AE
199	307	C7	11000111	Ç	Ç	Ç	Latin capital letter C with cedilla
200	310	C8	11001000	È	È	È	Latin capital letter E with grave
201	311	C9	11001001	É	É	É	Latin capital letter E with acute
202	312	CA	11001010	Ê	Ê	Ê	Latin capital letter E with circumflex
203	313	CB	11001011	Ë	Ë	Ë	Latin capital letter E with diaeresis
204	314	CC	11001100	Ì	Ì	Ì	Latin capital letter I with grave
205	315	CD	11001101	Í	Í	Í	Latin capital letter I with acute
206	316	CE	11001110	Î	Î	Î	Latin capital letter I with circumflex
207	317	CF	11001111	Ï	Ï	Ï	Latin capital letter I with diaeresis
208	320	D0	11010000	Ð	Ð	Ð	Latin capital letter ETH
209	321	D1	11010001	Ñ	Ñ	Ñ	Latin capital letter N with tilde
210	322	D2	11010010	Ò	Ò	Ò	Latin capital letter O with grave
211	323	D3	11010011	Ó	Ó	Ó	Latin capital letter O with acute
212	324	D4	11010100	Ô	Ô	Ô	Latin capital letter O with circumflex
213	325	D5	11010101	Õ	Õ	Õ	Latin capital letter O with tilde
214	326	D6	11010110	Ö	Ö	Ö	Latin capital letter O with diaeresis
215	327	D7	11010111	×	×	×	Multiplication sign
216	330	D8	11011000	Ø	Ø	Ø	Latin capital letter O with slash
217	331	D9	11011001	Ù	Ù	Ù	Latin capital letter U with grave
218	332	DA	11011010	Ú	Ú	Ú	Latin capital letter U with acute
219	333	DB	11011011	Û	Û	Û	Latin capital letter U with circumflex
220	334	DC	11011100	Ü	Ü	Ü	Latin capital letter U with diaeresis
221	335	DD	11011101	Ý	Ý	Ý	Latin capital letter Y with acute
222	336	DE	11011110	Þ	Þ	Þ	Latin capital letter THORN
223	337	DF	11011111	ß	ß	ß	Latin small letter sharp s – ess-zed
224	340	E0	11100000	à	à	à	Latin small letter a with grave
225	341	E1	11100001	á	á	á	Latin small letter a with acute
226	342	E2	11100010	â	â	â	Latin small letter a with circumflex
227	343	E3	11100011	ã	ã	ã	Latin small letter a with tilde
228	344	E4	11100100	ä	ä	ä	Latin small letter a with diaeresis
229	345	E5	11100101	å	å	å	Latin small letter a with ring above
230	346	E6	11100110	æ	æ	æ	Latin small letter ae
231	347	E7	11100111	ç	ç	ç	Latin small letter c with cedilla
232	350	E8	11101000	è	è	è	Latin small letter e with grave
233	351	E9	11101001	é	é	é	Latin small letter e with acute
234	352	EA	11101010	ê	ê	ê	Latin small letter e with circumflex
235	353	EB	11101011	ë	ë	ë	Latin small letter e with diaeresis
236	354	EC	11101100	ì	ì	ì	Latin small letter i with grave
237	355	ED	11101101	í	í	í	Latin small letter i with acute
238	356	EE	11101110	î	î	î	Latin small letter i with circumflex
239	357	EF	11101111	ï	ï	ï	Latin small letter i with diaeresis
240	360	F0	11110000	ð	ð	ð	Latin small letter eth
241	361	F1	11110001	ñ	ñ	ñ	Latin small letter n with tilde
242	362	F2	11110010	ò	ò	ò	Latin small letter o with grave
243	363	F3	11110011	ó	ó	ó	Latin small letter o with acute
244	364	F4	11110100	ô	ô	ô	Latin small letter o with circumflex
245	365	F5	11110101	õ	õ	õ	Latin small letter o with tilde
246	366	F6	11110110	ö	ö	ö	Latin small letter o with diaeresis
247	367	F7	11110111	÷	÷	÷	Division sign
248	370	F8	11111000	ø	ø	ø	Latin small letter o with slash
249	371	F9	11111001	ù	ù	ù	Latin small letter u with grave
250	372	FA	11111010	ú	ú	ú	Latin small letter u with acute
251	373	FB	11111011	û	û	û	Latin small letter u with circumflex
252	374	FC	11111100	ü	ü	ü	Latin small letter u with diaeresis
253	375	FD	11111101	ý	ý	ý	Latin small letter y with acute
254	376	FE	11111110	þ	þ	þ	Latin small letter thorn
255	377	FF	11111111	ÿ	ÿ	ÿ	Latin small letter y with diaeresis

Uppercase	Lowercase
Alt Codes	Symbol	Description	Alt Codes	Symbol	Description
Alt 0192	À	A grave	Alt 0224	à	a grave
Alt 0193	Á	A acute	Alt 0225	á	a acute
Alt 0194	Â	A circumflex	Alt 0226	â	a circumflex
Alt 0195	Ã	A tilde	Alt 0227	ã	a tilde
Alt 0196	Ä	A umlaut	Alt 0228	ä	a umlaut
Alt 0199	Ç	C cedilla	Alt 0231	ç	c cedilla
Alt 0200	È	E grave	Alt 0232	è	e grave
Alt 0201	É	E acute	Alt 0233	é	e acute
Alt 0202	Ê	E circumflex	Alt 0234	ê	e circumflex
Alt 0203	Ë	E umlaut	Alt 0235	ë	e umlaut
Alt 0204	Ì	I grave	Alt 0236	ì	i grave
Alt 0205	Í	I acute	Alt 0237	í	i acute
Alt 0206	Î	I circumflex	Alt 0238	î	i circumflex
Alt 0207	Ï	I umlaut	Alt 0239	ï	i umlaut
Alt 165	Ñ	N tilde	Alt 164	ñ	n tilde
Alt 0210	Ò	O grave	Alt 0242	ò	o grave
Alt 0211	Ó	O acute	Alt 0243	ó	o acute
Alt 0212	Ô	O circumflex	Alt 0244	ô	o circumflex
Alt 0213	Õ	O tilde	Alt 0245	õ	o tilde
Alt 0214	Ö	O umlaut	Alt 0246	ö	o umlaut
Alt 0138	Š	S caron	Alt 0154	š	s caron
Alt 0218	Ú	U acute	Alt 0249	ù	u grave
Alt 0219	Û	U circumflex	Alt 0250	ú	u acute
Alt 0220	Ü	U umlaut	Alt 0251	û	u circumflex
Alt 0217	Ù	U grave	Alt 0252	ü	u umlaut
Alt 0221	Ý	Y acute	Alt 0253	ý	y acute
Alt 0159	Ÿ	Y umlaut	Alt 0255	ÿ	y umlaut
Alt 0142	Ž	Z caron	Alt 0158	ž	z caron

ALT Codes for letters with accents

Uppercase			Lowercase
Alt Codes	Symbol	Description	Alt Codes	Symbol	Description
Alt 0192	À	A grave	Alt 0224	à	a grave
Alt 0193	Á	A acute	Alt 0225	á	a acute
Alt 0194	Â	A circumflex	Alt 0226	â	a circumflex
Alt 0195	Ã	A tilde	Alt 0227	ã	a tilde
Alt 0196	Ä	A umlaut	Alt 0228	ä	a umlaut
Alt 0199	Ç	C cedilla	Alt 0231	ç	c cedilla
Alt 0200	È	E grave	Alt 0232	è	e grave
Alt 0201	É	E acute	Alt 0233	é	e acute
Alt 0202	Ê	E circumflex	Alt 0234	ê	e circumflex
Alt 0203	Ë	E umlaut	Alt 0235	ë	e umlaut
Alt 0204	Ì	I grave	Alt 0236	ì	i grave
Alt 0205	Í	I acute	Alt 0237	í	i acute
Alt 0206	Î	I circumflex	Alt 0238	î	i circumflex
Alt 0207	Ï	I umlaut	Alt 0239	ï	i umlaut
Alt 165	Ñ	N tilde	Alt 164	ñ	n tilde
Alt 0210	Ò	O grave	Alt 0242	ò	o grave
Alt 0211	Ó	O acute	Alt 0243	ó	o acute
Alt 0212	Ô	O circumflex	Alt 0244	ô	o circumflex
Alt 0213	Õ	O tilde	Alt 0245	õ	o tilde
Alt 0214	Ö	O umlaut	Alt 0246	ö	o umlaut
Alt 0138	Š	S caron	Alt 0154	š	s caron
Alt 0218	Ú	U acute	Alt 0249	ù	u grave
Alt 0219	Û	U circumflex	Alt 0250	ú	u acute
Alt 0220	Ü	U umlaut	Alt 0251	û	u circumflex
Alt 0217	Ù	U grave	Alt 0252	ü	u umlaut
Alt 0221	Ý	Y acute	Alt 0253	ý	y acute
Alt 0159	Ÿ	Y umlaut	Alt 0255	ÿ	y umlaut
Alt 0142	Ž	Z caron	Alt 0158	ž	z caron

ALT Codes for Currency Symbols

Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 0164	¤	Currency
Alt 156	£	Pound
Alt 0128	€	Euro
Alt 36	$	Dollar Sign
Alt 155	¢	Cent
Alt 157	¥	Yen
Alt 158	₧	Peseta
Alt 159	ƒ	Frank / Gulder

ALT Codes for Mathematical Symbols

Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 0169	©	Copyright
Alt 169	®	Registered symbol
Alt 0153	™	Trademark

ALT Codes for Punctuation

Interrogetary and Exclamatory
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 33	!	Exclamation Mark
Alt 19	‼	Double Exclamation
Alt 173	¡	Inverted exclamation mark
Alt 63	?	Question Mark
Alt 168	¿	inverted question mark
Alt Codes for Parenthesis
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 40	(	Open Bracket
Alt 41	)	Close Bracked
Alt 91	[	Open Square Bracket
Alt 93	]	Close Square Bracket
Alt 123	{	Open curley bracket
Alt 125	}	Close curley bracket
Alt Codes for Editing
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 28	∟	Tab Marker
Alt 21	§	Paragraph
Alt 20	¶	Carriage Return
Alt 0134	†	dagger / obelos
Alt 0135	‡	double dagger / diesis
Reported Speech / Quotation
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 34	“	Quotation Mark
Alt 0139	‹	quotation mark
Alt 0155	›	quotation mark
Alt 0145	‘	curly single open quote
Alt 0146	’	curly single close quote
Alt 0147	“	curly double open quote
Alt 0148	”	curly double close quote
Alt 174	«	Quotation Mark
Alt 175	»	Quotation Mark
Alt 0130	‘	curly single quote
Alt 0132	„	low curly doublequote
Alt Codes for Abbreviation
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 39	‘	Apostraphe
Alt 96	`	Angled Apostraphe
Alt 38	&	Ampersand
Alt 64	@	At Symbol
Alt Codes for General Punctuation
Alt 58	:	Colon
Alt 59	;	Semi-Colon
Alt 44	,	Comma
Alt 46	.	Full Stop / Period
Alt 32		Space
Alt 255		Alternative Space
Alt 0133	…	dot dot dot / ellipsis
Alt 95	_	Underscore
Alt 0175	¯	overscore
Alt 124	\|	Bar
Alt 126	~	Tilda/Squiggle
Alt 0168	¨	diaresis
Alt 45	–	Dash or Hyphen
Alt 0151	—	Longer Dash or Hyphen
Alt 22	▬	Long Hyphon
Alt 42	*	Asterisk
Alt 47	/	Slash
Alt 92	\	Back Slash
1º and 1ª mean 1st in some languages
Alt 166	ª	a superscript
Alt 167	º	o superscript
Archaic Punctuation Alt Codes
Alt 0183	·	interpunct

Alt Codes for entering Bullets and Symbols

Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 1	☺	White Smiley
Alt 2	☻	Black Smiley
Alt 3	♥	Heart
Alt 4	♦	Diamond
Alt 5	♣	Club
Alt 6	♠	Spade
Alt 7	•	Bullet 1
Alt 8	◘	Bullet 2
Alt 9	○	Bullet 3
Alt 10	◙	Bullet 4
Alt 11	♂	Male Sign
Alt 12	♀	Female Sign
Alt 13	♪	Quaver
Alt 14	♫	Joined Quavers
Alt 16	►	Play Forward
Alt 17	◄	Play Reverse
Alt 254	■	Stop
Alt 30	▲
Alt 31	▼
Alt 23	↨
Alt 24	↑	Up Arrow
Alt 25	↓	Down Arrow
Alt 26	→	Right Arrow
Alt 27	←	Left Arrow
Alt 0129		Undefined – Normally generates a box
Alt 15	☼	??
127	⌂	??
Alt 18	↕	??
Alt 29	↔	??

Alt Codes for entering Mathematical Symbols

ALT Codes for Mathematical Symbols
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 48 – 57	0 – 9	zero to nine
Alt Codes for Basic Operators
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 43	+	Plus Sign
Alt 45	–	Minus Sign
Alt 0215	×	Multiplication Sign
Alt 0247	÷	Obelus / Division ign
Alt Codes for Pers
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 37	%	Percentage Sign
Alt 0137	‰	Per mille (per thousand)
Alt Codes for Bracketing
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 40	(	Open Bracket
Alt 41	)	Close Bracked
Alt Codes for Degree of Accuracy
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 241	±	Plus or Minus
Alt Codes for Fractions
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 47	/	Fraction seperator
Alt 0188	¼	Quarter
Alt 0189	½	Half
Alt 0190	¾	Three quarters
Alt 46	.	Decimal Point
Alt Codes for Equality
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 240	≡	Exactly Identical
Alt 61	=	Equals
Alt 247	≈	Approximately equal
Alt Codes for Inequality
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 60	<	Less Than
Alt 62	>	Greater Than
Alt 242	≥	Greater than or equal
Alt 243	≤	Less than or equal
Alt Codes for Powers
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 251	√	Square Root
Alt 252	ⁿ	Power n
Alt 0185	¹	To the power of 1
Alt 0178	²	squared
Alt 0179	³	cubed
Angles and Trigonometric Alt Codes
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 227	π	Pi
Alt 248	°	Degree sign

General Mathematical Symbols
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 35	#	Number
Alt 236	∞	Infinity
Alt 230	µ	Micro
Alt 228	Σ	Sum
Alt 239	∩	??
Integration / Integral Sign
Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 244	⌠	Top half
Alt 245	⌡	Bottom Half

ALT Codes for Programming

Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 0166	¦	Unix Pipeline
Alt 40	(	Open Bracket
Alt 41	)	Close Bracked
Alt 94	^	To the power of
Alt 60	<	Less Than
Alt 62	>	Greater Than
Alt 61	=	Equals
Alt 42	*	Multiply
Alt 47	/	Divide or Slash
Alt 92	\	Back Slash
Alt 35	#	Hash
Alt 40	(	Open Bracket
Alt 41	)	Close Bracked
Alt 64	@	At Symbol
Alt 91	[	Open Square Bracket
Alt 93	]	Close Square Bracket
Alt 123	{	Open curley bracket
Alt 125	}	Close curley bracket
Alt 42	*	Wildcard and Multiply

ALT Codes for “Extra” Letters

Uppercase			Lowercase
Alt Code	Symbol	Description	Alt Code	Symbol	Description
Alt 0229	å	Aa	Alt 0197	Å	aa
Alt 0140	Œ	Oethel	Alt 0156	œ	oethel
Alt 0254	þ	Thorn	Alt 0222	Þ	thorn
Alt 0216	Ø	Slashed O	Alt 0248	ø	Slashed o
Alt 0198	Æ	AE ligature	Alt 0230	æ	ae ligature
Alt 165	Ñ	N tilde	Alt 164	ñ	n tilde
Alt 0223	ß	Eszett
Alt 0208	Ð	Eth	Alt 0240	ð	eth

ALT Codes for Arrow Symbols

Alt Code	Symbol
Filled Arrows
Alt 16	►
Alt 17	◄
Alt 254	■
Alt 30	▲
Alt 31	▼
Line Arrows
Alt 23	↨
Alt 24	↑
Alt 25	↓
Alt 26	→
Alt 27	←

Selected Custom Characters

Cyrillic chars

Words	Desr
А́ а́ Ъ́ ъ́ О́ о́ У́ у́ е́ Е́ И́ и́ Ю́ ю́ Я́ я́	right accent
А̀ а̀ Ъ̀ ъ̀ О̀ о̀ У̀ у̀ Ѐ ѐ Ѝ ѝ ю̀ ю̀ Я̀ я̀	left accent
Й̀ ѝ̀, Й́, ѝ́	complex
Ѝ ѝ Й й

Special Chars

Words	Desr
™	Trade Mark; Alt Code 0153
©	Copyright; Alt Code 169;

Greek chars

The Greek alphabet

Greek name of letter	Symbol	English equivalent	Pronunciation
Alpha	Α	A	A as in smart
Beta	Β	B	V as in very
Gamma	Γ	G	Between Y as in yes and G as in go, but with no hard ‘G’ sound – more of a soft ‘H’ followed by the ‘Y’ sound in yes
Delta	Δ	D	Th as in the
Epsilon	Ε	E	E as in very
Zeta	Ζ	Z	Z as in zoo
Eta	Η	E	Ee as in bee
Theta	Θ	Th	Th as in think
Iota	Ι	I	Ee as in bee or I as in bitter or sit
Kappa	Κ	K	K as in look
Lamda	Λ	L	L as in log
Mu	Μ	M	M as in man
Nu	Ν	N	N as in not
Xi	Ξ	X	X as in box
Omicron	Ο	O	O as in box
Pi	Π	P	P as in top, but softer and close to ‘B’
Rho	Ρ	R, Rh	a rolled R
Sigma	Σ	S	S as in sap with a hint of Sh as in sugar
Tau	Τ	T	T as in lot, but softer and close to ‘D’
Upsilon	Υ	U	Same as eta – Ee as in bee
Phi	Φ	Ph	Ph as in photo
Chi	Χ	Kh	Ch as in the scottish ‘loch’ but softer – not a hard sound
Psi	Ψ	Ps	Ps as in upside
Omega	Ω	M	like omicron – O as in box – or longer ‘O’ sound like the vowel sound in oar

Alpha	Α	α
Beta	Β	β
Gamma	Γ	γ
Delta	Δ	δ
Epsilon	Ε	ε
Zeta	Ζ	ζ
Eta	Η	η
Theta	Θ	θ ϑ
Iota	Ι	ι
Kappa	Κ	κ
Lambda	Λ	λ
Mu	Μ	μ
Nu	Ν	ν
Xi	Ξ	ξ
Omicron	Ο	ο
Pi	Π	π
Rho	Ρ	ρ
Sigma	Σ	σ ς
Tau	Τ	τ
Upsilon	Υ	υ
Phi	Φ	φ
Chi	Χ	χ
Psi	Ψ	ψ
Omega	Ω	ω

Europeand Special Chars

Accents and diacritical marks
Non-standard characters signs that change the sound of letters and words

Many western languages contain words with letters whose sound is determined by these accents and diacritical marks. The effects are different depending on the language; here are the names and examples of the more common marks and non-standard characters. Usage of these accents and marks is not restricted to the letters shown in the examples.

é – accent acute
è – accent grave
ê – circumflex
ë – umlaut or diaerisis
ç – cedilla
ñ – tilde
ø – streg
ð – eth (capital form Ð)
å – bolle
æ – ligature
œ – ligature
ē – macron
č – háček
ŭ – crescent

All in one table below:

¡¿
ÄäÀàÁáÂâÃãÅåǍǎĄąĂăÆæĀā
ÇçĆćĈĉČč
ĎđĐďð
ÈèÉéÊêËëĚěĘęĖėĒē
ĜĝĢģĞğ
Ĥĥ
ÌìÍíÎîÏïıĪīĮį
Ĵĵ
Ķķ
ĹĺĻļŁłĽľ
ÑñŃńŇňŅņ
ÖöÒòÓóÔôÕõŐőØøŒœ
ŔŕŘř
ẞßŚśŜŝŞşŠšȘș
ŤťŢţÞþȚț
ÜüÙùÚúÛûŰűŨũŲųŮůŪū
Ŵŵ
ÝýŸÿŶŷ
ŹźŽžŻż

Info:
Croatian letter – đ and Đ.
Hungarian letters – őŐ and űŰ
Swedish letters – Åå
Polish letters – ŻżĄąĘę
Romainan letters – Ţţ Ăă
Dannish letters – Ææ
Icelandic letters – ð, þ, and Þ
French letters – Œ
Slovakia letters Ľľ and Czeck letters Ůů
Turkish letters – Ğğ and ı
Baltic package – Āā, Ėė, Ēē, Īī, Įį, Ņņ and Ūū
Others – ď, ģ, ì, Ï, ì, Ø and ť
T and S with comma and cedilla
Bulgarian letters – АБВГДЕЖЗИЙКЛМНОПРСТУФХЦШЩЪЮЯ
Greek letters –

Links

Online Keyboard (Multilingual) – Greek sample
https://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/greek_modern.htm

Online Keyboard (Multilingual) – Bulgarian sample:
https://www.lexilogos.com/keyboard/bulgarian.htm

Intro

GUI vs CommandLine interface

Moving Files with Rename

Shortcuts

Generic

FTP

Selections

Moving around

Navigation

View

File manipu­lation

Archiving

File sorting

Searching

Command Line with TC

Other

Button Bar Parameters

Total Commander Button Bar Parameters

How-to use button bar parameters

Total Commander Links

Overview

Intro

To Start vi

To Exit vi

Moving the Cursor

Screen Manipulation

Adding, Changing, and Deleting Text

Inserting or Adding Text

Changing Text

Deleting Text

Cutting and Pasting Text

Searching Text

Determining Line Numbers

Saving and Reading Files

VI CHEATSHEET

Quitting

Inserting Text

Motion

Deleting Text

Changing text

Putting text

Markers

Search for strings

Replace

Modes

Info

How to keyboard imput using ALT+0000

ASCII codes

ASCII control characters (character code 0-31)

ASCII printable characters (character code 32-127)

The extended ASCII codes (character code 128-255)

ALT Codes for letters with accents

ALT Codes for Currency Symbols

ALT Codes for Mathematical Symbols

ALT Codes for Punctuation

Alt Codes for entering Bullets and Symbols

Alt Codes for entering Mathematical Symbols

ALT Codes for Programming

ALT Codes for “Extra” Letters

ALT Codes for Arrow Symbols

Selected Custom Characters

Cyrillic chars

Special Chars

Greek chars

The Greek alphabet

Europeand Special Chars

Links

File manipulation

To Start `vi`

To Exit `vi`